Ezintweni ze-superconducting, umsinga kagesi uzogeleza ngaphandle kokuphikiswa. Kunezindlela ezimbalwa ezisebenzayo zalesi simo; nokho, imibuzo eminingi ebalulekile isalokhu ingakaphendulwa. USolwazi uJustin Ye, inhloko yeqembu le-Device Physics of Complex Materials eNyuvesi yaseGroningen, wafunda i-superconductivity ongqimbeni oluphindwe kabili lwe-molybdenum disulfide futhi wathola izifundazwe ezintsha ze-superconducting. Imiphumela yashicilelwa kujenali Nanotechnology ngomhlaka 4 Novemba.

I-Superconductivity iboniswe kumakristalu e-monolayer, isibonelo, i-molybdenum disulphide noma i-tungsten disulfide enogqinsi lwama-athomu amathathu nje. "Kuzo zombili i-monolayers, kukhona uhlobo olukhethekile lwe-superconductivity lapho insimu yamagnetic yangaphakathi ivikela isimo se-superconducting emasimini angaphandle kazibuthe," kuchaza u-Ye. I-superconductivity evamile iyanyamalala lapho kusetshenziswa insimu enkulu kazibuthe yangaphandle, kodwa le-Ising superconductivity ivikelwe ngokuqinile. Ngisho nasendaweni enamandla kazibuthe e-static eYurophu, enamandla angu-37 Tesla, i-superconductivity ku-tungsten disulfide ayibonisi noma yiluphi ushintsho. Nokho, nakuba kukuhle ukuba nesivikelo esinamandla kangaka, inselele elandelayo ukuthola indlela yokulawula lo mphumela wokuvikela, ngokusebenzisa inkambu kagesi.

Izifunda ezintsha ze-superconducting

U-Ye nabahlanganyeli bakhe bafunde ungqimba oluphindwe kabili lwe-molybdenum disulfide: "Kulokho kumisa, ukusebenzisana phakathi kwezingqimba ezimbili kudala izifundazwe ezintsha ezihamba phambili." Udale isendlalelo esiphindwe kabili esimisiwe, esinoketshezi lwe-ayoni nhlangothi zombili olungasetshenziswa ukudala inkambu kagesi ngaphesheya kwebilayer. "Ku-monolayer ngayinye, inkambu enjalo izoba yi-asymmetric, ibe nama-ion amahle ngakolunye uhlangothi kanye nezindleko ezingalungile kolunye. Kodwa-ke, ku-bilayer, singaba nenani elifanayo lenkokhelo elenziwa kuzo zombili i-monolayers, sidale uhlelo olulinganayo,” kuchaza u-Ye. Inkambu kagesi eyadalwa ngaleyo ndlela ingase isetshenziselwe ukuvula nokuvala i-superconductivity. Lokhu kusho ukuthi kwadalwa i-superconducting transistor engase ingene ngoketshezi lwe-ionic.

Kusendlalelo esiphindwe kabili, ukuvikeleka kwe-Ising ngokumelene nezizibuthe zangaphandle kuyanyamalala. "Lokhu kwenzeka ngenxa yezinguquko ekusebenzisaneni phakathi kwezingqimba ezimbili." Nokho, inkambu kagesi ingabuyisela ukuvikeleka. "Izinga lokuvikela liba umsebenzi wokuthi uyisango eliqine kangakanani idivayisi."

Cooper ngababili

Ngaphandle kokwenza i-superconducting transistor, u-Ye nozakwabo benza okunye ukuphawula okuthakazelisayo. Ngo-1964, kwabikezelwa ukuthi kuzoba khona isimo esikhethekile se-superconducting, esibizwa ngokuthi i-FFLO state (eqanjwe ngososayensi ababikezela: uFulde, uFerrell, uLarkin no-Ovchinnikov). Nge-superconductivity, ama-electron ahamba ngamabili ngezindlela eziphambene. Njengoba ehamba ngesivinini esifanayo, la mapheya e-Cooper anomfutho wekinetic ophelele onguziro. Kodwa esimweni se-FFLO, kunomehluko omncane wejubane ngakho-ke umfutho we-kinetic awuwona uziro. Kuze kube manje, lesi simo asikaze sifundwe kahle ekuhlolweni.

"Sihlangabezane cishe nazo zonke izimfuneko zokulungiselela isimo se-FFLO kudivayisi yethu," kusho u-Ye. “Kepha isimo sintekenteke kakhulu futhi sithinteka kakhulu ukungcola okungaphezulu kwempahla yethu. Ngakho-ke, sizodinga ukuphinda izivivinyo ngamasampula ahlanzekile.”

Ngebilayer emisiwe ye-molybdenum disulfide, i-Ye nabahlanganyeli banazo zonke izithako ezidingekayo ukuze kufundwe ezinye zezimo ezikhethekile ze-superconducting. "Lena isayensi eyisisekelo engasilethela izinguquko zomqondo."