Lapho i-current isetshenziswa ongqimbeni oluncane lwe-tungsten diselenide, iqala ukukhanya ngendlela engavamile kakhulu. Ngaphezu kokukhanya okuvamile, okungakhishwa ezinye izinto ze-semiconductor, i-tungsten diselenide iphinde ikhiqize uhlobo olukhethekile kakhulu lokukhanya kwe-quantum, okwakhiwa kuphela ezindaweni ezithile zezinto ezibonakalayo. Iqukethe uchungechunge lwama-photon ahlala ekhishwa ngayinye ngayinye-ingalokothi ibe ngamabili noma ngamaqoqo. Lo mphumela we-anti-bunching ufanelekile ekuhlolweni emkhakheni wolwazi lwe-quantum kanye ne-quantum cryptography, lapho kudingeka khona ama-photon eyodwa. Nokho, sekuyiminyaka, lokhu kukhishwa bekulokhu kuyimfihlakalo.

Abacwaningi e-TU Vienna manje sebekuchazile lokhu: Ukusebenzisana okucashile kokukhubazeka okukodwa kwe-athomu ezintweni ezibonakalayo kanye nohlobo lwemishini kunesibopho salo mphumela wokukhanya we-quantum. Ukulingiswa kwekhompyutha kubonisa ukuthi ama-electron ashayelwa kanjani ezindaweni ezithile kundaba, lapho athwetshulwa khona iphutha, alahlekelwa amandla futhi akhiphe i-photon. Isixazululo sephazili ye-quantum light manje sesishicilelwe ku-Physical Review Letters.

Ama-athomu amathathu kuphela awugqinsi

I-Tungsten diselenide iyinto enezinhlangothi ezimbili ezakha izendlalelo ezincane kakhulu. Izendlalelo ezinjalo ziyizingqimba ezintathu kuphela ze-athomu eziwugqinsi, ezinama-athomu e-tungsten phakathi, ahlanganiswe nama-athomu e-selenium ngezansi nangaphezulu. "Uma amandla enikezwa ungqimba, isibonelo ngokusebenzisa i-voltage kagesi noma ngokuyikhanyisa ngokukhanya kwe-wavelength efanelekile, iqala ukukhanya," kuchaza u-Lukas Linhart we-Institute of Theoretical Physics e-TU Vienna. “Lokhu kukodwa akujwayelekile, izinto eziningi zenza lokho. Nokho, lapho ukukhanya okukhishwa i-tungsten diselenide kuhlaziywa ngokuningiliziwe, ngaphezu kokukhanya okuvamile kwatholakala uhlobo olukhethekile lokukhanya olunezici ezingavamile kakhulu.”

Lokhu kukhanya kwe-quantum kwemvelo okukhethekile kuqukethe ama-photon wamaza wamaza athile—futhi ahlala ekhishwa ngawodwana. Akwenzeki ukuthi ama-photon amabili we-wavelength efanayo atholwe ngesikhathi esisodwa. “Lokhu kusitshela ukuthi lezi zithombe azikwazi ukukhiqizwa ngokungahleliwe endabeni, kodwa kufanele kube namaphuzu athile kusampula ye-tungsten diselenide ekhiqiza ama-photon amaningi, elinye ngemva kwelinye,” kuchaza uProfesa Florian Libisch, ocwaningo lwakhe lugxile ezintweni ezimbili. -Dimensional materials.

Ukuchaza lo mphumela kudinga ukuqonda okuningiliziwe kokuziphatha kwama-electron kundaba esezingeni lomzimba le-quantum. Ama-electron ku-tungsten diselenide angathatha izifunda zamandla ezahlukene. Uma i-electron ishintsha kusukela esimweni samandla aphezulu kuya esimweni samandla aphansi, i-photon ikhishwa. Nokho, lokhu kugxumela emandleni aphansi akuvunyelwe ngaso sonke isikhathi: I-electron kufanele inamathele emithethweni ethile—ukulondoloza umfutho nomfutho we-angular.

Ngenxa yale mithetho yokongiwa kwemvelo, i-electron esimweni se-quantum esiphezulu samandla kufanele ihlale lapho-ngaphandle uma ukungapheleli okuthile ezintweni kuvumela ukuthi izifunda zamandla zishintshe. “I-tungsten diselenide layer ayikaze iphelele. Kwezinye izindawo, i-athomu eyodwa ye-selenium kungenzeka ingekho,” kusho uLukas Linhart. "Lokhu futhi kushintsha amandla ezifunda zama-electron kulesi sifunda."

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ungqimba lwezinto ezibonakalayo akuyona indiza ephelele. Njengengubo eshwabene lapho yendlalwa phezu komcamelo, i-tungsten diselenide inwebeka endaweni lapho ungqimba lwempahla lulengiswa ezakhiweni ezincane zokusekela. Lezi zingcindezi zemishini nazo zinomthelela ezifundeni zamandla kagesi.

“Ukusebenzelana kokukhubazeka kwempahla kanye nobunzima bendawo kuyinkimbinkimbi. Nokho, manje sesiphumelele ukulingisa yomibili imiphumela kukhompyutha,” kusho uLukas Linhart. "Futhi kuvela ukuthi inhlanganisela yale miphumela kuphela engachaza imiphumela yokukhanya eyinqaba."

Kulezo zindawo ezincane kakhulu zezinto ezibonakalayo, lapho ukukhubazeka nezinhlobo zamanzi zivela ndawonye, ​​amazinga wamandla ama-electron ashintsha ukusuka ekubeni phezulu ukuya esimweni samandla aphansi futhi akhiphe i-photon. Imithetho ye-quantum physics ayivumeli ama-electron amabili ukuba abe sesimweni esifanayo ngesikhathi esifanayo, ngakho-ke, ama-electron kufanele enze le nqubo ngayinye ngayinye. Ngenxa yalokho, ama-photon akhishwa ngamunye ngamunye, futhi.

Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukuhlanekezela kwemishini kwempahla kusiza ukuqongelela inani elikhulu lama-electron eduze nesici ukuze enye i-electron itholakale kalula ukuze ingene ngemva kokuba eyokugcina isiguqule isimo sayo futhi ikhiphe i-photon.

Lo mphumela ubonisa ukuthi izinto ze-ultrathin 2-D zivula amathuba amasha ngokuphelele wesayensi yezinto.