Ukuziqhayisaamaphuzu aphezulu kakhulu ancibilika futhi abilayoyazo zonke izakhi ezaziwayo,i-tungstenisibe yisinqumo esidumile sezinhlelo zokusebenza ezibandakanya amazinga okushisa adlulele, okuhlanganisaizibani ze-lightbulb, i-arc welding, ukuvikela imisebefuthi, muva nje, njengobaizinto ezibhekene ne-plasmakuma-fusion reactor njenge-ITER Tokamak.

Nokho,i-brittleness yemvelo ye-tungsten, kanye ne-microcracking eyenzeka ngenkathi kukhiqizwa ngokungeziwe (3-D ukuphrinta) ngeinsimbi engavamile, iye yakhinyabeza ukutholwa kwayo okwandile.

Ukuze kubonakale ukuthi la ma-microcracks akha kanjani futhi kungani, ososayensi bakwa-Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) bahlanganise ukulingisa kwe-thermomechanical namavidiyo anesivinini esikhulu athathwe ngesikhathi senqubo yokuphrinta yensimbi engu-3-D ye-laser powder-bed fusion (LPBF). Nakuba ucwaningo lwangaphambilini lwalulinganiselwe ekuhloleni imifantu ngemva kokwakhiwa, ososayensi ngokokuqala ngqa bakwazi ukubona ngeso lengqondo i-ductile-to-brittle transition (DBT) ku-tungsten ngesikhathi sangempela, okubavumela ukuthi babheke ukuthi ama-microcracks aqala futhi asakazeka kanjani njengensimbi. eshisiwe futhi epholile. Ithimba likwazile ukuhlobanisa i-microcracking phenomenon neziguquguqukayo ezifana nokucindezeleka okusalayo, izinga lokucindezeleka nezinga lokushisa, futhi liqinisekisa ukuthi i-DBT ibangele ukuqhekeka.

Abacwaningi bathe lolu cwaningo, olusanda kushicilelwa ephephabhukwini i-Acta Materialia futhi oluvezwe kumagazini kaSepthemba wodumo lwe-MRS Bulletin, lwembula izindlela ezibalulekile ezidala ukuqhekeka.I-tungsten ephrintiwe engu-3-Dfuthi ibeka isisekelo semizamo yesikhathi esizayo yokukhiqiza izingxenye ezingenayo imifantu ensimbi.

“Ngenxa yezakhiwo zayo ezihlukile,i-tungstenibambe iqhaza elikhulu ezicelweni eziqondene ngqo nenhloso yoMnyango Wezamandla kanye noMnyango Wezokuvikela,” kusho umphenyi onguthishanhloko uManyalibo “Ibo” Matthews. "Lo msebenzi usiza ukuhlahla indlela ebheke endaweni entsha yokukhiqiza okungeziwei-tungstenokungaba nomthelela omkhulu kule mishini.”

Ngokubona kwabo kokuhlola kanye nokumodela okuhlanganisiwe okwenziwe kusetshenziswa ikhodi yesici esinqunyelwe ye-Diablo ye-LLNL, abacwaningi bathole ukuthi i-microcracking ku-tungsten kwenzeka efasiteleni elincane eliphakathi kuka-450 no-650 degrees Kelvin futhi kuncike kuzinga lokucindezeleka, elithonywa ngokuqondile amapharamitha enqubo. Baphinde bakwazi ukuhlobanisa usayizi wendawo ethintekile kanye ne-crack network morphology nezingcindezi zendawo eziyinsalela.

U-Lawrence Fellow Bey Vrancken, umbhali oholayo wephepha kanye nomphenyi oyinhloko, uklame futhi wenza izivivinyo futhi wenza nokuhlaziywa kwedatha okuningi.

"Ngangicabanga ukuthi kuzoba nokubambezeleka ekuqhekekeni kwe-tungsten, kodwa imiphumela idlule kakhulu engangikulindele," kusho u-Vrancken. “Imodeli ye-thermomechanical inikeze incazelo yakho konke ukuqaphela kwethu kokuhlola, futhi kokubili kwakunemininingwane eyanele ukuze kuthathwe ukuncika kwesilinganiso sokucindezeleka kwe-DBT. Ngale ndlela, sinethuluzi elihle kakhulu lokunquma amasu asebenza kahle kakhulu okuqeda ukuqhekeka ngesikhathi se-LPBF ye-tungsten.”

Abacwaningi bathi umsebenzi unikeza ukuqonda okunemininingwane, okuyisisekelo komthelela wamapharamitha wenqubo kanye nejometri encibilikayo ekwakhekeni kokuqhekeka futhi ubonisa umthelela wokwakheka kwezinto kanye nokushisa okunawo ekuqineni kwesakhiwo sezingxenye eziphrintwe nge-tungsten. Ithimba liphethe ngokuthi ukwengeza izakhi ezithile ze-alloy kungasiza ukunciphisa ukuguqulwa kwe-DBT futhi kuqinise insimbi, kuyilapho ukushisa kwangaphambili kungasiza ekwehliseni i-microcracking.

Ithimba lisebenzisa imiphumela ukuze lihlole amasu akhona okunciphisa ukuqhekeka, njengenqubo kanye nokulungiswa kwengxubevange. Okutholakele, kanye nokuxilongwa okuthuthukiswe ocwaningweni, kuzobaluleka emgomweni wokugcina weLabhorethri wezingxenye ze-3-D zokuphrinta ezingena-crack-tungsten ezingamelana nezindawo eziyingozi, kusho abacwaningi.