Ngentsimbi ye-11:30 nge-19 ka-Okthobha ka-2021, injini ye-rocket yaseTshayina eyaphuhliswayo eyomeleleyo ye-monolithic ene-thrust enkulu emhlabeni, umlinganiselo ophezulu we-impulse-to-mass ratio, kunye nesicelo sobunjineli savavanywa ngempumelelo e-Xi'an, ephawula ukuba amandla e-China aphetheyo. iphunyeziwe kakhulu. Ukuphuculwa kubaluleke kakhulu ekukhuthazeni uphuhliso lobuchwepheshe bezithuthi ezinkulu nezinzima kwixesha elizayo.
Uphuhliso oluyimpumelelo lwee-rocket motors eziqinileyo alubandakanyi nje umsebenzi onzima kunye nobulumko bezazinzulu ezingenakubalwa, kodwa azikwazi ukwenza ngaphandle kweminikelo yezinto ezininzi zekhemikhali ezifana ne-tungsten kunye neemveliso ze-molybdenum.
Imoto yerokhethi eyomeleleyo yimoto yerokhethi yemichiza esebenzisa ipropellant eyomeleleyo. Ikakhulu yenziwe liqokobhe, ingqolowa, igumbi lokutsha, indibano yomlomo, kunye nesixhobo sokutshisa. Xa i-propellant itshiswa, igumbi lokutsha kufuneka limelane nokushisa okuphezulu malunga ne-3200 degrees kunye noxinzelelo oluphezulu malunga ne-2 × 10 ^ 7bar. Ukuqwalasela ukuba enye yamacandelo e-spacecraft, kuyimfuneko ukusebenzisa i-lighter high-high-high-temperature alloy materials efana ne-Made of molybdenum-based alloy okanye i-titanium-based alloy.
I-alloy esekelwe kwi-molybdenum yi-alloy engeyiyo i-ferrous eyenziwe ngokudibanisa ezinye izinto ezifana ne-titanium, i-zirconium, i-hafnium, i-tungsten kunye nomhlaba onqabileyo kunye ne-molybdenum njenge-matrix. Inokumelana nobushushu obuphezulu, ukumelana noxinzelelo oluphezulu kunye nokumelana nomhlwa, kwaye kulula ukuyiqhuba kune-tungsten. Ubunzima buncinci, ngoko bufaneleka ngakumbi ukusetyenziswa kwigumbi lokutsha. Nangona kunjalo, ukuxhathisa ubushushu obuphezulu kunye nezinye iipropathi ze-alloys ezisekwe kwi-molybdenum zihlala zingahambi kakuhle njenge-alloys esekwe kwi-tungsten. Ke ngoko, ezinye iindawo ze-injini ye-rocket, ezinje ngee-throat liners kunye ne-ignition tubes, zisafuna ukuveliswa ngezinto ezisekelwe kwi-tungsten.
Umqala womqala sisixhobo somqala wombhobho werokethi eyomeleleyo. Ngenxa yendawo yokusebenza enzima, kufuneka kwakhona ibe neepropati ezifanayo kwizinto zegumbi le-fuel kunye ne-ignition tube material. Ngokuqhelekileyo yenziwe nge-tungsten copper composite material. Isixhobo sobhedu se-Tungsten sisixhobo sentsimbi sokubila esizenzekelayo, esinokuthi siphephe ngokufanelekileyo ukuguqulwa komthamo kunye nokutshintsha komsebenzi kumaqondo aphezulu. Umgaqo wokupholisa ukubila kukuba ubhedu kwi-alloy luya kuxutywa kwaye lube ngumphunga kwiqondo lokushisa eliphezulu, eliya kuthi lifunxe ubushushu obuninzi kwaye linciphise ubushushu bomhlaba wezinto.
Ityhubhu yokutshisa yenye yeendawo ezibalulekileyo zesixhobo sokutshisa i-injini. Ifakwe ngokubanzi kumlomo wesitshisi somlilo, kodwa kufuneka ingene nzulu kwigumbi lokutsha. Ke ngoko, izixhobo zayo ezisisiseko ziyafuneka ukuba zibe nokumelana nobushushu obuphezulu kunye nokuxhathisa ukukhutshwa. I-alloys esekwe kwi-Tungsten ineempawu ezibalaseleyo njengendawo ephezulu yokunyibilika, amandla aphezulu, ukuchasana neempembelelo, kunye nomthamo ophantsi wokwandiswa komthamo, nto leyo eyenza ukuba ibe yenye yezinto ezithandwayo zokwenza iityhubhu zokutshisa.
Kuya kubonakala ukuba i-tungsten kunye ne-molybdenum ishishini libe negalelo kwimpumelelo yovavanyo oluqinileyo lwe-rocket injini! Ngokutsho kwe-Chinatungsten Online, i-injini yolu vavanyo iqhutywe yi-Fourth Research Institute ye-China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation. Inobubanzi obuziimitha ezi-3.5 kunye nokutyhala kweetoni ezingama-500. Ngenani letekhnoloji ephucukileyo efana nemilomo, ukusebenza ngokubanzi kwe-injini kufikelele kwinqanaba eliphambili kwihlabathi.
Kuyafaneleka ukukhankanya ukuba kulo nyaka i-China iqhube iziphekepheke ezimbini eziqhutywa ngabantu. Oko kukuthi, ngo-9:22 nge-17 kaJuni, 2021, i-rocket ye-Long March 2F ethwele isiphekepheke se-Shenzhou 12 esiqhutywayo saphehlelelwa. UNie Haisheng, uLiu Boming, kunye noLiu Boming baphehlelelwe ngempumelelo. UTang Hongbo wathumela oosomajukujuku abathathu emajukujukwini; ngo 0:23 ngo-Okthobha 16, 2021, iLong Matshi 2 F Yao 13 umthuthi rocket ethwele Shenzhou 13 isiphekepheke esinendoda yasungulwa kwaye ngempumelelo wathwala Zhai Zhigang, Wang Yaping, kunye Ye Guangfu esithubeni. Ithunyelwe emajukujukwini.