Xa i-current ifakwe kwi-tungsten diselenide encinci, iqala ukukhanya ngendlela engavamile kakhulu. Ukongeza kukukhanya okuqhelekileyo, okunokuthi kukhutshwe ezinye izinto ze-semiconductor, i-tungsten diselenide iphinda ivelise uhlobo olukhethekileyo lokukhanya kwe-quantum ekhanyayo, eyenziwa kuphela kwiindawo ezithile zezinto eziphathekayo. Iquka uthotho lweefotoni ezisoloko zikhutshwa nganye nganye—azize ngazibini okanye ziziqwengana. Esi siphumo esichasene ne-bunching sifanelekile kwiimvavanyo kwintsimi yolwazi lwe-quantum kunye ne-cryptography ye-quantum, apho kufuneka iifotoni enye. Nangona kunjalo, iminyaka, le mveliso ihlala iyimfihlakalo.

Abaphandi base-TU Vienna ngoku bachaze oku: Ukusebenzisana okufihlakeleyo kweziphene ze-athomu enye kwizinto eziphathekayo kunye noxinzelelo lomatshini luxanduva lokukhanya kwe-quantum. Ukulinganisa kweekhompyutheni kubonisa indlela ii-electron eziqhutyelwa ngayo kwiindawo ezithile kwizinto eziphathekayo, apho zibanjwe khona ngesiphene, zilahlekelwa amandla kwaye zikhuphe i-photon. Isisombululo sephazili yokukhanya kwe-quantum ngoku sipapashwe kwiiLeta zokuPhononongwa kwePhysical.

Iiathom ezintathu kuphela ubukhulu

I-Tungsten diselenide yimathiriyeli enemigangatho emibini eyenza umaleko obhityileyo kakhulu. Ezo maleko ziileya ezintathu zeathom ezityebileyo kuphela, ezineathom zetungsten embindini, zidityaniswa neeathom zeselenium ngaphantsi nangaphezulu. "Ukuba amandla anikezelwa kuluhlu, umzekelo ngokusebenzisa i-voltage yombane okanye ngokuyikhupha ngokukhanya kwe-wavelength efanelekileyo, iqala ukukhanya," kuchaza uLukas Linhart ovela kwi-Institute of theoretical Physics e-TU Vienna. “Oku kukodwa akuqhelekanga, izixhobo ezininzi ziyakwenza oko. Noko ke, xa ukukhanya okukhutshwa yi-tungsten diselenide kwahlalutywa ngokweenkcukacha, ukongezelela kukukhanya okuqhelekileyo kwabhaqwa uhlobo olukhethekileyo lokukhanya oluneempawu ezingaqhelekanga.”

Olu kukhanya lukhethekileyo lwe-quantum lubandakanya iifotoni zobude obukhethekileyo-kwaye zihlala zikhutshwa ngokwahlukeneyo. Akunakwenzeka ukuba iifotoni ezimbini zobude obufanayo zifunyenwe ngexesha elinye. "Oku kusixelela ukuba ezi fotoni azinakuveliswa ngokungenamkhethe kwizinto eziphathekayo, kodwa kufuneka kubekho amanqaku athile kwisampulu ye-tungsten diselenide evelisa uninzi lwezi fotoni, enye emva kwenye," kuchaza uNjingalwazi uFlorian Libisch, ophando lwakhe lugxile kwizinto ezimbini. -izinto eziphathekayo.

Ukuchaza esi siphumo kufuna ukuqonda okucacileyo kokuziphatha kwee-electron kwizinto eziphathekayo kwinqanaba lomzimba we-quantum. Ii-electron kwi-tungsten diselenide zinokuthatha amandla ahlukeneyo. Ukuba i-electron iguquka ukusuka kwimeko yamandla aphezulu ukuya kwimeko yamandla aphantsi, i-photon ikhutshwa. Nangona kunjalo, oku kuxhuma kumandla angaphantsi akusoloko kuvunyelwe: I-electron kufuneka ibambelele kwimithetho ethile-ukugcinwa kwesantya kunye nomfutho we-angular.

Ngenxa yale mithetho yolondolozo, i-electron kwi-high-energy quantum state kufuneka ihlale ikhona-ngaphandle kokuba ukungafezeki okuthile kwizinto eziphathekayo kuvumela ukuba amazwe anamandla atshintshe. Umaleko we-tungsten diselenide awusoze ugqibelele. Kwezinye iindawo, iathom enye okanye ezingaphezulu zeselenium zisenokungabikho,” utsho uLukas Linhart. "Oku kukwatshintsha amandla e-electron ithi kulo mmandla."

Ngaphezu koko, umaleko wezinto eziphathekayo awuyiyo indiza egqibeleleyo. Njengengubo eshwabeneyo xa isasazwe phezu komqamelo, i-tungsten diselenide yolula kwindawo xa umaleko wezinto eziphathekayo uxhonywe kwizinto ezincinci zokuxhasa. Olu xinzelelo lomatshini lukwanefuthe kumandla ombane wombane.

“Intsebenziswano yeziphene eziphathekayo kunye noxinzelelo lwasekuhlaleni luntsonkothile. Nangona kunjalo, ngoku siphumelele ukulinganisa zombini iziphumo kwikhompyuter, utshilo uLukas Linhart. "Kwaye kuye kwavela ukuba kukudityaniswa kwezi ziphumo kuphela kunokuchaza ukukhanya okungaqhelekanga."

Kuloo mimandla ye-microscopic yezinto eziphathekayo, apho iziphene kunye nobunzima bomhlaba buvela kunye, amanqanaba amandla eelektroni atshintsha ukusuka kwindawo ephezulu ukuya kumandla aphantsi kwaye akhuphe ifoton. Imithetho ye-quantum physics ayivumeli ii-electron ezimbini ukuba zibe kwimeko efanayo ngexesha elinye, kwaye ke, ii-electron kufuneka ziqhube le nkqubo nganye nganye. Ngenxa yoko, iifotoni zikhutshwa nganye nganye, ngokunjalo.

Kwangaxeshanye, ukugqwethwa komatshini wezinto eziphathekayo kunceda ukuqokelela inani elikhulu lee-electron kwindawo yesiphene ukuze enye i-electron ifumaneke ngokukhawuleza ukuba ingene emva kokuba ekugqibeleni iguqule imeko yayo kwaye ikhuphe ifoton.

Esi siphumo sibonisa ukuba imathiriyeli ye-2-D ye-ultrathin ivula amathuba amatsha enzululwazi yemathiriyeli.