I-Tungsten ifaneleke ngakumbi njengesixhobo sezinto ezicinezeleke kakhulu kwinqanawa evale iplasma eshushu ye-fusion, iyintsimbi eneyona ndawo iphezulu yokunyibilika. Noko ke, undonakele, bubunkunkqele bayo, obuthi ngenxa yoxinezeleko buyenze ibe buthathaka kwaye ibe sengozini yokonakala. Inoveli, imathiriyeli eyomelela ngakumbi ngoku iye yaphuhliswa yiMax Planck Institute yePlasma Physics (IPP) eGarching. Iqulethe i-tungsten ene-homogeneous kunye neentambo ze-tungsten ezifakwe ngaphakathi. Uphononongo lokwenyani lusandula ukubonisa ukufaneleka okusisiseko kwekhompawundi entsha.

Injongo yophando oluqhutywe kwi-IPP kukuphuhlisa iplanti yamandla ethi, njengelanga, ifumane amandla ekudibaneni kweenuclei zeatom. Amafutha asetyenzisiweyo yi-low-density hydrogen plasma. Ukuphemba umlilo wokudibanisa i-plasma kufuneka ivalelwe kwiindawo zemagneti kwaye ifudunyezwe kubushushu obuphezulu. Embindini we-100 lezigidi zeedigri zifunyenwe. I-Tungsten sisinyithi esithembisa kakhulu njengesixhobo samalungu adibana ngokuthe ngqo neplasma eshushu. Oku kubonakaliswe luphando olubanzi kwi-IPP. Ingxaki engekasonjululwa ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, ibe bubuqhophololo besixhobo: iTungsten iphulukana nokuqina kwayo phantsi kweemeko zeplanti yombane. Uxinzelelo lwendawo - uxinzelelo, ukolula okanye uxinzelelo - alunakuthintelwa yimathiriyeli enika indlela kancinane. Endaweni yoko iintanda zenza iintanda: Amacandelo ke ngoko asabela ngovakalelo kakhulu kumthwalo ogqithileyo wendawo.

Yiyo loo nto i-IPP yakhangela izakhiwo ezikwaziyo ukusasaza uxinzelelo lwasekhaya. Iiseramics ezomelezwe ngefayibha zisebenza njengemizekelo: Umzekelo, i-silicon carbide brittle brittle yenziwe ngokuphindwe kahlanu ngokomelela xa yomelezwa ngeentsinga zesilicon carbide. Emva kwezifundo ezimbalwa zokuqala ze-IPP isazinzulu uJohann Riesch wayeza kuphanda ukuba unyango olufanayo lunokusebenza nge-tungsten metal.

Inyathelo lokuqala yaba kukuvelisa izinto ezintsha. I-tungsten matrix kwafuneka iqiniswe ngemicu emide egqunyiweyo equka ucingo lwe-tungsten olukhutshiweyo olubhityileyo njengoboya. Iingcingo, ekuqaleni zazilungiselelwe njengemicu ekhanyayo yeebhalbhu zokukhanya, apho zibonelelwa ngu-Osram GmbH. Izixhobo ezahlukeneyo zokuzigquma zaphandwa kwi-IPP, kubandakanywa i-erbium oxide. Iintsinga zetungsten ezigqunywe ngokupheleleyo zadityaniswa kunye, nokuba zinxusene okanye zilukwe. Ukuzalisa izithuba phakathi kweengcingo kunye ne-tungsten uJohann Riesch kunye nabasebenzi asebenza nabo emva koko baphuhlise inkqubo entsha ngokudibana neqabane leshishini lesiNgesi Archer Technicoat Ltd. indlela ethambileyo yokuvelisa ikhompawundi yafunyanwa: I-tungsten ifakwe kwiingcingo ezivela kumxube wegesi ngokufaka inkqubo yekhemikhali kumaqondo obushushu aphakathi. Eli yayilixesha lokuqala ukuba i-tungsten-fibre-reinforced tungsten yenziwe ngempumelelo, kunye nesiphumo esinqwenelekayo: Ukuqina kokuqhekeka kwekhompawundi entsha sele kuphindwe kathathu ngokunxulumene ne-fibreless tungsten emva kovavanyo lokuqala.

Inyathelo lesibini yayikukuphanda ukuba oku kusebenza njani: Eyona nto ibalulekileyo yangqina ukuba ibhulorho yeefibers iyaqhekeka kwi-matrix kwaye inokusasaza amandla asebenza kwindawo kwimathiriyeli. Apha i-interfaces phakathi kwe-fibers kunye ne-tungsten matrix, kwelinye icala, kufuneka ibe buthathaka ngokwaneleyo ukuba inike indlela xa iintanda zenzeke kwaye, kwelinye, zibe namandla ngokwaneleyo ukuhambisa amandla phakathi kweentsinga kunye ne-matrix. Kwiimvavanyo zokugoba oku kunokubonwa ngokuthe ngqo ngeX-reyi microtomography. Oku kubonise ukusebenza okusisiseko kwemathiriyeli.

Isigqibo malunga nokusebenziseka kwemathiriyeli, nangona kunjalo, kukuba ukomelela okongeziweyo kuyagcinwa xa isetyenziswa. UJohann Riesch ukhangele oku ngokuphanda iisampulu ebezifakwe kunyango lwangaphambili lwe-thermal. Xa iisampulu ziphantsi kwemitha ye-synchrotron okanye zibekwe phantsi kwe-electron microscope, ukuzolula kunye nokugoba nazo ziqinisekisiwe kulo mzekelo iimpawu zezinto eziphathekayo eziphuculweyo: Ukuba i-matrix iyasilela xa igxininisekile, iifayili ziyakwazi ukuvala iintanda ezenzeka kwaye ziqhube.

Imigaqo yokuqonda nokuvelisa umbandela omtsha izinzile. Iisampulu ngoku kufuneka ziveliswe phantsi kweemeko eziphuculweyo zenkqubo kunye nojongano olulungisiweyo, oku kungumba ofunekayo kwimveliso enkulu. Isixhobo esitsha sinokuba nomdla ngaphaya kwendawo yophando lokudibanisa.