I-Tungsten, ekwabizwa ngokuba yiwolfram, inezicelo ezininzi. Ngokuqhelekileyo isetyenziselwa ukuvelisa umbaneiingcingo, kunye nokufudumeza kunyeabafowunelwa bombane.

Isinyithi esibalulekileyo sikwasetyenziswa kwiukuwelda, iialloyi zentsimbi enzima, iintsingi zobushushu, iincakuba zeinjini yomoya nanjengendawo yokuthatha indawo yelothe kwiimbumbulu.

Ngokutsho kwengxelo yamva nje ye-US Geological Survey kwintsimbi, imveliso ye-tungsten yehlabathi yafika kwi-95,000 MT kwi-2017, ukusuka kwi-2016 ye-88,100 MT.

Olu lwando lweza nangona imveliso encitshisiweyo evela eMongolia, eRwanda naseSpain. Ukunyuswa okukhulu kwemveliso kwavela e-UK, apho imveliso yenyuka malunga neepesenti ezingama-50.

Ixabiso le-tungsten laqala ukunyuka ekuqaleni kwe-2017, kwaye liqhube kakuhle kwintsalela yonyaka, kodwa ixabiso le-tungsten liphelile ngo-2018 ngokulinganayo.

Nangona kunjalo, ukubaluleka kwe-tungsten kwizicelo zamashishini, ukusuka kwii-smartphones ukuya kwiibhetri zemoto, kuthetha ukuba imfuno ayisayi kunyamalala kungekudala. Ngaloo nto engqondweni, kuyafaneleka ukuba uqaphele ukuba ngawaphi amazwe avelisa eyona tungsten. Nantsi isishwankathelo sezizwe ezivelisa kakhulu kunyaka ophelileyo.

1. ETshayina

Ukuveliswa kwemigodi: 79,000 MT

I-China yavelisa i-tungsten eninzi ngo-2017 kunokuba yenze ngo-2016, kwaye yahlala ingumlimi omkhulu wehlabathi ngomda obanzi. Iyonke, ikhuphe i-79,000 MT ye-tungsten kunyaka ophelileyo, ukusuka kwi-72,000 MT kunyaka ongaphambili.

Kungenzeka ukuba imveliso yetungsten yaseTshayina iwe kwixesha elizayo - ilizwe laseAsia lithintele ubuninzi bemigodi ye-tungsten kunye neelayisensi zokuthumela ngaphandle eliziwongayo, kwaye limisele izabelo kwimveliso yetungsten egxile kakhulu. Eli lizwe nalo mvanje liye landisa ukuhlolwa kokusingqongileyo.

Ukongeza ekubeni ingoyena mvelisi wetungsten omkhulu ehlabathini, iTshayina ikwalelona lizwe lithengi kakhulu ngentsimbi. Yayiyeyona nto iphambili ye-tungsten engeniswe e-US kwi-2017 ngokunjalo, kubikwa ukuba izisa iipesenti ze-34 ngexabiso le-145 yezigidi zeedola. Iirhafu ezibekwe yi-US kwiimpahla zaseTshayina njengenxalenye yemfazwe yorhwebo phakathi kwamazwe amabini eyaqala ngo-2018 inokuchaphazela loo manani ukuya phambili.

2. IVietnam

Ukuveliswa kwemigodi: 7,200 MT

Ngokungafaniyo neChina, iVietnam yafumana enye i-jump kwimveliso ye-tungsten kwi-2017. Ikhuphe i-7,200 MT yesinyithi xa kuthelekiswa ne-6,500 MT kunyaka odlulileyo. I-Masan Resources yabucala iqhuba umgodi wase-Vietnam wase-Nui Phao, othi ngowona mgodi mkhulu ovelisa i-tungsten ngaphandle kwe-China. Ikwangomnye wabavelisi bexabiso eliphantsi lwe-tungsten kwihlabathi.

3. ERashiya

Ukuveliswa kwemigodi: 3,100 MT

Imveliso ye-tungsten yaseRashiya yayisicaba ukusuka kwi-2016 ukuya kwi-2017, ingena kwi-3,100 MT kwiminyaka emibini. Eli thafa leza ngaphandle komyalelo kaMongameli uVladimir Putin wokuba imveliso iqalise kwakhona kwintsimi yaseTyrnyauz tungsten-molybdenum. U-Putin angathanda ukubona i-complex ye-mining-scale kunye ne-processing complex isekiwe.

Inkampani yeWolfram ngoyena mvelisi mkhulu welizwe weemveliso zetungsten, ngokwewebhusayithi yayo, kwaye inkampani ithi nyaka ngamnye ivelisa ukuya kuthi ga kwi-1,000 yeetoni zomgubo we-tungsten yesinyithi, kunye nokuya kuthi ga kwi-6,000 yeetoni ze-tungsten oxide kunye nokuya kuthi ga kwi-800 yeetoni ze-tungsten carbide. .

4. EBolivia

Ukuveliswa kwemigodi: 1,100 MT

I-Bolivia iboshwe kunye ne-UK kwimveliso ye-tungsten kwi-2017. Nangona amanyathelo okukhuthaza imboni ye-tungsten kweli lizwe, imveliso ye-Bolivia yahlala ihleli kwi-1,100 MT.

Ishishini lemigodi laseBolivia liphenjelelwa kakhulu yi-Comibol, inkampani yelizwe yezambulela zemigodi yelizwe. Inkampani ibike inzuzo ye-53.6 yezigidi zeedola kunyaka-mali we-2017.

5. EUnited Kingdom

Ukuveliswa kwemigodi: 1,100 MT

I-UK yabona ukunyuka okukhulu kwimveliso ye-tungsten kwi-2017, kunye nemveliso ekhuphukela kwi-1,100 MT xa kuthelekiswa ne-736 MT kunyaka ongaphambili. I-Wolf Minerals kusenokwenzeka ukuba yiyo ebangela ukwanda; ekwindla 2015, inkampani wavula Drakelands (eyayisaziwa ngokuba Hemerdon) tungsten mgodini Devon.

Ngokutsho kwe-BBC, i-Drakelands yaba ngumgodi wokuqala we-tungsten ukuvula eBritani ngaphezu kweminyaka engama-40. Nangona kunjalo, yavalwa ngo-2018 emva kokuba uWolf wangena kulawulo. Inkampani kuxelwe ukuba ayikwazanga ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zayo zenkunzi yokusebenza kwexesha elifutshane. Unokufunda ngakumbi malunga ne-tungsten e-UK apha.

6. EOstriya

Ukuveliswa kwemigodi: 950 MT

I-Austria ivelise i-950 MT ye-tungsten kwi-2017 xa kuthelekiswa ne-954 MT kunyaka odlulileyo. Uninzi lwalo mveliso lunokubalelwa kumgodi waseMittersill, oseSalzburg kwaye ubamba eyona deposit inkulu eYurophu. Lo mgodi ungowakwaSandvik (STO:SAND).

7. EPortugal

Ukuveliswa kwemigodi: 680 MT

IPortugal yenye yamazwe ambalwa kuloluhlu olubone ukwanda kwemveliso ye-tungsten kwi-2017. Ikhuphe i-680 MT yentsimbi, ukusuka kwi-549 MT kunyaka odlulileyo.

Umgodi wePanasqueira ngowona mgodi mkhulu ePortugal ovelisa itungsten. Umgodi we-Borralha owenziwe ngaphambili, owake waba ngowesibini ngobukhulu umgodi we-tungsten ePortugal, okwangoku uphethwe yiBlackheath Resources (TSXV: BHR). I-Avrupa Minerals (TSXV: AVU) yenye inkampani encinci eneprojekthi ye-tungsten ePortugal. Unokufunda ngakumbi malunga ne-tungsten ePortugal apha.

8. eRwanda

Ukuveliswa kwemigodi: 650 MT

I-Tungsten yenye yezona zimbiwa zongquzulwano zixhaphakileyo kwihlabathi, okuthetha ukuba ubuncinci ezinye ziveliswa kwiindawo zongquzulwano kwaye zithengiswa ukuqhubela phambili umlo. Ngelixa iRwanda izikhuthaze njengomthombo wezimbiwa ezingenazo iingxabano, iinkxalabo zihlala malunga nemveliso ye-tungsten evela kweli lizwe. I-Fairphone, inkampani ekhuthaza "i-electronics fairer," ixhasa imveliso ye-tungsten engenazingxabano eRwanda.

I-Rwanda ivelise nje i-650 MT ye-tungsten kwi-2017, ihla kancinci ukusuka kwi-820 MT ngo-2016. Cofa apha ukuze ufunde kabanzi malunga ne-tungsten e-Afrika.

9. ESpeyin

Ukuveliswa kwemigodi: 570 MT

Imveliso ye-tungsten yaseSpain yehla kwi-2017, ingena kwi-570 MT. Oko kusezantsi ukusuka kwi-650 MT kunyaka ophelileyo.

Kukho inani leenkampani ezibandakanyekayo ekuhloleni, ekuphuhliseni nasekumbiweni kwee-asethi ze-tungsten eSpain. Imizekelo ibandakanya i-Almonty Industries (TSXV: AII), i-Ormonde Mining (LSE:ORM) kunye ne-W Resources (LSE:WRES). Unokufunda ngakumbi malunga nabo apha.

Ngoku ukuba uyazi ngakumbi malunga nemveliso ye-tungsten kunye nokuba ivela phi, yintoni enye ongathanda ukuyazi? Sibuze imibuzo yakho kumazwana angezantsi.