Iipropati zeMolybdenum
| Inombolo ye-atom | 42 |
| Inombolo yeCAS | 7439-98-7 |
| Ubunzima beatom | 95.94 |
| Indawo yokunyibilika | 2620°C |
| Indawo yokubilisa | 5560°C |
| Umthamo weatom | 0.0153 nm3 |
| Uxinzelelo kwi-20 °C | 10.2g/cm³ |
| Ubume beCrystal | cubic egxile kumzimba |
| I-Lattice rhoqo | 0.3147 [nm] |
| Ubuninzi kumhlaba womhlaba | 1.2 [g/t] |
| Isantya sesandi | 5400 m/s (kwi-rt)(intonga ebhityileyo) |
| Ukwandiswa kweThermal | 4.8 µm/(m·K) (ku-25 °C) |
| I-Thermal conductivity | 138 W/(m·K) |
| Ukumelana nombane | 53.4 nΩ·m (ku-20 °C) |
| Mohs ubulukhuni | 5.5 |
| Vickers ubulukhuni | 1400-2740Mpa |
| Ukuqina kweBrinell | 1370-2500Mpa |
I-Molybdenum sisiqalelo sekhemikhali esinophawu u-Mo kunye nenombolo ye-athomu engu-42. Igama lisuka kwi-Neo-Latin molybdaenum, ukusuka kwisiGrike saMandulo Μόλυβδος molybdos, okuthetha ukukhokela, ekubeni intsimbi ekrwada yayo yayibhidekile nentsimbi ekrwada ngelothe. Iiminerali zeMolybdenum zaziwa kwimbali yonke, kodwa ielementi yafunyanwa (ngengqiqo yokuyahlula njengequmrhu elitsha kwiityuwa zeminerali zezinye iintsimbi) ngo-1778 nguCarl Wilhelm Scheele. Intsimbi yaqala ukubekwa yodwa ngo-1781 nguPeter Jacob Hjelm.
I-Molybdenum ayenzeki ngokwemvelo njengentsimbi yasimahla eMhlabeni; ifumaneka kuphela kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo ze-oxidation kwiiminerali. Isixhobo samahhala, isinyithi esinesiliva esine-gray cast, sinendawo yesithandathu yokunyibilika kwayo nayiphi na into. Yenza ngokukhawuleza i-carbides eqinile, ezinzileyo kwii-alloys, kwaye ngenxa yesi sizathu ininzi yemveliso yehlabathi ye-element (malunga ne-80%) isetyenziswe kwi-alloys yensimbi, kubandakanywa i-alloys ephezulu kunye ne-superalloys.
Uninzi lweekhompawundi ze-molybdenum zine-solubility ephantsi emanzini, kodwa xa i-molybdenum-ethwele iiminerali iqhagamshelana ne-oksijini kunye namanzi, i-ion ye-molybdate ye-MoO2-4 i-soluble. I-industrially, i-molybdenum compounds (malunga ne-14% yemveliso yehlabathi ye-element) isetyenziswe kwi-high-pressure kunye ne-high-temperature applications njenge-pigments kunye ne-catalysts.
Ii-enzymes ezithwala i-molybdenum zezona zixhaphazi zixhaphakileyo zebhaktiriya ekwaphuleni iqhina lekhemikhali kwi-atmospheric molecular nitrogen kwinkqubo yokulungiswa kwenitrogen yebhayoloji. Ubuncinci i-50 i-enzymes ye-molybdenum ngoku iyaziwa kwiibhaktheriya, izityalo, kunye nezilwanyana, nangona kuphela i-bacterial and cyanobacterial enzymes ebandakanyekayo ekulungiseni i-nitrogen. Ezi nitrogenases ziqulethe i-molybdenum ngendlela eyahlukileyo kwezinye ii-enzymes ze-molybdenum, zonke ziqulethe i-molybdenum ene-oxidized ngokupheleleyo kwi-cofactor ye-molybdenum. Ezi enzymes zahlukeneyo ze-molybdenum cofactor zibalulekile kwizinto eziphilayo, kwaye i-molybdenum yinto ebalulekileyo yobomi kuzo zonke izinto eziphilayo eziphezulu ze-eukaryote, nangona ingekho kuzo zonke iibhaktheriya.
Iimpawu ezibonakalayo
Ngendlela ecocekileyo, i-molybdenum yintsimbi ye-silvery-grey kunye nobunzima be-Mohs be-5.5, kunye nobunzima be-athomu obuqhelekileyo be-95.95 g / mol. Inendawo yokunyibilika eyi-2,623 °C (4,753 °F); kwizinto ezenzeke ngokwendalo, yi-tantalum, i-osmium, i-rhenium, i-tungsten, kunye ne-carbon eneendawo eziphezulu zokunyibilika. Inomnye weyona coefficients ephantsi yokwandiswa kwe-thermal phakathi kweentsimbi ezisetyenziselwa urhwebo. Amandla e-tensile ye-molybdenum ingcingo ayanda malunga namaxesha angama-3, ukusuka malunga ne-10 ukuya kwi-30 ye-GPa, xa ububanzi bawo buyancipha ukusuka kwi- ~ 50-100 nm ukuya kwi-10 nm.
Iimpawu zeMichiza
I-Molybdenum yintsimbi yenguqu ene-electronegativity ye-2.16 kwisikali sikaPauling. Ayibonakali isabela ngeoksijini okanye amanzi kwiqondo lobushushu begumbi. I-oxidation ebuthathaka ye-molybdenum iqala kuma-300 °C (572 °F); I-oxidation eninzi yenziwa kumaqondo obushushu angaphezu kwama-600 °C, okukhokelela kwi-molybdenum trioxide. Njengezinyithi ezininzi zokuguquka ezinzima, i-molybdenum ibonisa ukuthambekela okuncinci ukwenza i-cation kwisisombululo samanzi, nangona i-cation ye-Mo3 + iyaziwa phantsi kweemeko ezilawulwa ngokucophelela.
Iimveliso ezishushu zeMolybdenum
