Zvivakwa zveTungsten
| Atomic nhamba | 74 |
| CAS nhamba | 7440-33-7 |
| Atomic mass | 183.84 |
| Melting point | 3 420 °C |
| Boiling point | 5 900 °C |
| Atomic volume | 0.0159 nm3 |
| Density pa20 °C | 19.30g/cm³ |
| Crystal chimiro | body-center cubic |
| Lattice nguva dzose | 0.3165 [nm] |
| Kuwanda mugoko rePasi | 1.25 [g/t] |
| Kumhanya kwenzwi | 4620m/s (pa rt)(tsvimbo nhete) |
| Kuwedzera kupisa | 4.5 µm/(m·K) (pa25 °C) |
| Thermal conductivity | 173 W/(m·K) |
| Electrical resistivity | 52.8 nΩ·m (pa20 °C) |
| Mohs kuoma | 7.5 |
| Vickers kuoma | 3430-4600Mpa |
| Brinell kuoma | 2000-4000Mpa |
Tungsten, kana kuti wolfram, chinhu chemakemikari chine chiratidzo W uye nhamba yeatomu 74. Zita rokuti tungsten rinobva kune raimbove zita reSweden rekuti tungstate mineral scheelite, tung sten kana "dombo rinorema". Tungsten isimbi isingawanzo kuwanikwa paNyika inenge yakasanganiswa chete nezvimwe zvinhu mumakemikari makomisheni kwete ega. Yakaonekwa sechinhu chitsva muna 1781 uye yakatanga kuparadzaniswa sesimbi muna 1783. Yakakosha ores inosanganisira wolframite uye scheelite.
Chinhu chemahara chinoshamisira nekusimba kwaro, kunyanya nyaya yekuti ine nzvimbo yepamusoro yekunyungudika yezvinhu zvese zvakawanikwa, ichinyungudika pa3422 °C (6192 °F, 3695 K). Iyo ine zvakare nzvimbo yepamusoro yekubikira, pa5930 °C (10706 °F, 6203 K). Kuwanda kwayo kwakapeta ka19,3 kwemvura, kunoenzaniswa neuranium nendarama, uye yakakwirira zvikuru (kanenge ka1,7) kupfuura iya yomutobvu. Polycrystalline tungsten chinhu chakaomarara uye chakaoma (pasi pemamiriro akajairwa, kana asina kusanganiswa), zvichiita kuti zviome kushanda. Zvisinei, yakachena single-crystalline tungsten yakawanda ductile uye inogona kutemwa nehacksaw yakaoma-simbi.
Tungsten's akawanda alloys ane akawanda maapplication, anosanganisira incandescent light bulb filaments, X-ray tubes (sese ari maviri filament uye chinangwa), maelectrodes mugasi tungsten arc welding, superalloys, uye nemwaranzi shielding. Kuomarara kwaTungsten uye kuwanda kwepamusoro kunopa kushandiswa kwechiuto mukupinza projectiles. Tungsten makomisheni anowanzo shandiswa semaindasitiri anokonzeresa.
Tungsten ndiyo yega simbi kubva kune yechitatu shanduko yakatevedzana inozivikanwa kuti inoitika mumabiomolecules anowanikwa mumhando shoma dzebhakitiriya uye archaea. Ndicho chinhu chinorema zvikuru chinozivikanwa kuva chakakosha kune chero chinhu chipenyu. Nekudaro, tungsten inovhiringa molybdenum nemhangura metabolism uye ine muchetura kune dzimwe nzira dzinozivikanwa dzehupenyu hwemhuka.
Zvinopisa Zvigadzirwa zveTungsten
