Zvinhu zvekudziya zvinogadzirwa ne tungsten zvinoshandiswa mumhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzekupisa nekuda kweiyo tungsten yakasarudzika zvimiro, senge yakakwira kunyungudika kwayo, simba rakanakisa pakupisa kwepamusoro, uye kuderera kwemhute. Heano mamwe marudzi akajairika ekudziya zvinhu anoshandisa tungsten:

1. Tungsten Wire Heating Elements: Tungsten wire inowanzoshandiswa sechinhu chinopisa mumashandisirwo akadai semagetsi emagetsi e-incandescent, uko anoshanda sefilament inopisa uye inobudisa chiedza kana magetsi achipfuura. Tungsten waya yekudziya zvinhu zvakare inoshandiswa mumaindasitiri echoto, ovheni, uye masisitimu ekudziya anoda kushanda kwepamusoro-tembiricha.

2. Tungsten Ribbon Heating Elements: Tungsten ribhoni, iri rakati sandara uye rakafara chimiro chetambo yetungsten, inoshandiswa mukudziisa zvinhu zvekushandisa zvinoda nzvimbo yakakura yekugadzira kupisa. Tungsten ribhoni yekudziya zvinhu zvinoshandiswa mumhando dzakasiyana dzekudziya maindasitiri, kusanganisira kurapwa kwekupisa, annealing, uye kunyungudika kwesimbi.

3. Tungsten Foil Heating Elements: Tungsten foil, inova fomu yakatetepa uye inochinjika yetungsten, inoshandiswa muhunyanzvi hwekudziisa zvinhu zvekushandisa zvinoda kudziya chaiko uye kwakafanana. Tungsten foil inopisa zvinhu zvinoshandiswa mumaindasitiri akadai semiconductor kugadzira, aerospace, uye kudzivirira.

4. Tungsten Disilicide (WSi2) Heating Elements: Tungsten disilicide heat elements inoumbwa nekomboni ye tungsten uye silicon, inopa kukwirira kwekushisa kwepamusoro uye yakanakisa oxidation resistance. Izvi zvinodziya zvinhu zvinoshandiswa mumavira-anopisa, kilns, uye mamwe maindasitiri ekudziya ekushandisa.

Pakazere, zvinhu zvekudziya zvinogadzirwa ne tungsten zvinokosheswa pakukwanisa kwavo kutsungirira tembiricha yakanyanyisa, inopa kugadzirwa kwakanaka kwekupisa, uye kuchengetedza kutendeseka kwechimiro mukuda kwepamusoro-tembiricha nharaunda. Zvinhu izvi zvinowana kushandiswa kwakasiyana siyana kwemaindasitiri, kutengeserana, uye sainzi kudziyisa maitiro.

Tungsten inozivikanwa nekupokana kwayo kwakasarudzika kuita neakawanda zvinhu pane zvakajairika tembiricha. Iyi yakakwirira yemakemikari inertness inokonzerwa neatomic zvisungo zvakasimba uye kuumbwa kwekudzivirira kwe oxide layer pamusoro payo. Nekudaro, tungsten inogona kuita nezvimwe zvinhu pasi pemamiriro chaiwo:

1. Okisijeni: Tungsten inogona kuita neokisijeni pakupisa kwakanyanya kuita tungsten oxides. Kuita uku kunoitika patembiricha dzakakwirira, kazhinji dziri pamusoro pe700°C, apo tungsten inogona kuita oxidize kuita maokisisa akadai se tungsten trioxide (WO3) uye tungsten dioxide (WO2).

2. Halogens: Tungsten inogona kuita nehalogens yakadai sefluorine, chlorine, bromine, uye iodine pakupisa kwepamusoro kuumba tungsten halides. Aya maitiro anowanzoitika pasi pemamiriro akanyanya uye haana kujairika mumashandisirwo ezuva nezuva.

3. Kabhoni: Tungsten inogona kuita nekabhoni patembiricha yakanyanya kuumba tungsten carbide (WC), yakaoma uye isingapfeki zvinhu. Kuita uku kunowanzo shandiswa mukugadzira tungsten carbide yekucheka maturusi uye mamwe maindasitiri ekushandisa.

Kazhinji, tungsten's reactivity ine zvinhu zvakawanda ishoma pasi pemamiriro akajairwa, zvichiita kuti irambe yakasimba mukuora uye kurwisa kwemakemikari. Ichi chivakwa chinoita tungsten kukosha mune dzakasiyana siyana dzekushandisa uko makemikari inertness uye yakakwirira-tembiricha kugadzikana kwakakosha.