Kana yazvino ikaiswa kune yakaonda yetungsten diselenide, inotanga kupenya nenzira isina kujairika. Pamusoro pechiedza chakajairwa, icho zvimwe semiconductor zvinhu zvinogona kuburitsa, tungsten diselenide inogadzirawo yakasarudzika mhando yeyakajeka quantum mwenje, iyo inogadzirwa chete panzvimbo dzakanangana dzezvinhu. Inoumbwa nenhevedzano yemafotoni anogara achiburitswa rimwe nerimwe—asingambove ari maviri maviri kana ari masumbu. Iyi anti-bunching mhedzisiro yakanakira kuyedza mumunda wehuwandu hweruzivo uye quantum cryptography, uko mafotoni ega anodiwa. Zvisinei, kwemakore, kubuda uku kwakaramba kusinganzwisisike.

Vatsvagiri veTU Vienna parizvino vatsanangura izvi: Kudyidzana kwakadzikama kwekukanganisa kweatomu imwe chete muzvinhu uye mekiniki dhizaini inokonzeresa iyi quantum light effect. Kufananidza kwekombuta kunoratidza kuti maerekitironi anofambiswa sei kunzvimbo dzakanangana muzvinhu, kwaanotorwa nekuremara, anorasikirwa nesimba uye anoburitsa photon. Mhinduro yeiyo quantum light puzzle yave kuburitswa muPhysical Ongororo Tsamba.

Maatomu matatu chete akakora

Tungsten diselenide chinhu chine mativi maviri anoumba zvidimbu zvakatetepa zvakanyanya. Matunhu akadaro anongori akakora matatu maatomu akakora, ane tungsten maatomu pakati, akabatana nemaatomu selenium pasi nepamusoro. "Kana simba richipihwa kune yakatsetseka, semuenzaniso nekushandisa vhezheni yemagetsi kana nekuiisa nechiedza chewavelength yakakodzera, inotanga kupenya," anotsanangura kudaro Lukas Linhart kubva kuInstitute of Theoretical Physics paTU Vienna. "Izvi pachazvo hazvina kujairika, zvinhu zvakawanda zvinoita izvozvo. Zvisinei, apo chiedza chakabudiswa ne tungsten diselenide chakaongororwa zvakadzama, kuwedzera pachiedzawo zvacho rudzi rwechiedza chine zvinhu zvisina kujairika rwakaonekwa.”

Ichi chakakosha chimiro quantum mwenje ine mafotoni echaiwo wavelengths-uye anogara achiburitswa ega. Hazvina kumboitika kuti mafotoni maviri ehumwe wavelength anoonekwa panguva imwe chete. "Izvi zvinotiudza kuti mafotoni aya haagone kugadzirwa zvisina tsarukano muzvinyorwa, asi kuti panofanira kunge paine mamwe mapoinzi mune tungsten diselenide sampu inoburitsa akawanda emafotoni aya, rimwe mushure meimwe," anotsanangura kudaro Muzvinafundo Florian Libisch, ane tsvakiridzo yakanangana nembiri. -dimensional zvinhu.

Kutsanangura mhedzisiro iyi kunoda kunzwisiswa kwakadzama kwemaitiro emaerekitironi muzvinhu pachiyero chemuviri. Maelectrons mu tungsten diselenide anogona kutora nzvimbo dzakasiyana dzesimba. Kana erekitironi ichishanduka kubva kune imwe nzvimbo ine simba guru kusvika kune imwe simba shoma, photon inobudiswa. Zvisinei, uku kusvetuka kune simba rakaderera hakubvumirwi nguva dzose: Erekitironi inofanira kuomerera kune mimwe mitemo-kuchengetedza kwekukurumidza uye kuputika kwemakona.

Nekuda kwemitemo iyi yekuchengetedza, erekitironi iri mune yakakwira-simba quantum state inofanirwa kuramba iripo-kunze kwekunge kumwe kusakwana kwezvinhu kuchibvumira masimba masimba kuchinja. "Tungsten diselenide layer haina kumbokwana. Mune dzimwe nzvimbo, maatomu e<em>selenium imwe kana anopfuura angave asipo,” anodaro Lukas Linhart. "Izvi zvakare zvinoshandura simba rema electrons mudunhu rino."

Uyezve, iyo layer yezvinyorwa haisi ndege yakakwana. Kufanana negumbeze rinounyana kana rakawaridzwa pamusoro pepiro, tungsten diselenide inotambanudzwa munharaunda kana iyo layer yakaturikwa pazvimiro zvidiki zvinotsigira. Aya ma mechanical stress zvakare ane mhedzisiro pane zvemagetsi simba nyika.

“Kudyidzana kwekuremara kwezvinhu uye madhindindi emuno kwakaoma. Zvisinei, tabudirira kutevedzera zvose zviri zviviri pakombiyuta,” anodaro Lukas Linhart. "Uye zvinozoitika kuti musanganiswa chete weiyi mhedzisiro inogona kutsanangura zvinoshamisa mwenje mhedzisiro."

Kunzvimbo dziya dzisingaonekwi dzechigadzirwa, uko kunenge kuine hurema uye madhindindi epamusoro anooneka pamwe chete, simba remaerekitironi rinoshanduka kubva pakakwirira kuenda parisina simba uye rinoburitsa photon. Mitemo ye quantum physics haibvumiri maerekitironi maviri kuti ave muchimiro chakafanana panguva imwe chete, uye naizvozvo, maerekitironi anofanira kuita izvi rimwe nerimwe. Nekuda kweizvozvo, mafotoni anoburitswa rimwe nerimwe, zvakare.

Panguva imwecheteyo, kukanganisa kwemagetsi kwezvinhu kunobatsira kuunganidza nhamba huru yemaerekitironi munzvimbo yakakanganiswa kuitira kuti imwe electron iwanike nyore kupinda mukati mushure mokunge yekupedzisira yashandura mamiriro ayo uye yakabudisa photon.

Mhedzisiro iyi inoratidza kuti ultrathin 2-D zvinhu zvinovhura mikana mitsva yesainzi yemidziyo.