Muzinthu zopangira superconducting, mphamvu yamagetsi idzayenda popanda kukana. Pali zambiri zothandiza za chochitika ichi; komabe, mafunso ambiri ofunikira akadali osayankhidwa. Pulofesa Wothandizira Justin Ye, wamkulu wa gulu la Device Physics of Complex Materials ku yunivesite ya Groningen, adaphunzira za superconductivity mu magawo awiri a molybdenum disulfide ndipo adapeza maiko atsopano opangira zinthu. Zotsatirazo zidasindikizidwa mu nyuzipepala Nature Nanotechnology pa 4 Novembara.

Superconductivity yawonetsedwa mu makhiristo a monolayer, mwachitsanzo, molybdenum disulphide kapena tungsten disulfide omwe ali ndi makulidwe a maatomu atatu okha. "Mu ma monolayers onse, pali mtundu wapadera wa superconductivity momwe maginito amkati amatetezera dziko la superconducting kuchokera ku maginito akunja," Yemwe akufotokoza. Normal superconductivity imasowa pamene mphamvu ya maginito yakunja ikugwiritsidwa ntchito, koma Ising superconductivity iyi imatetezedwa kwambiri. Ngakhale mu mphamvu yamphamvu kwambiri ya maginito ku Ulaya, yomwe ili ndi mphamvu ya 37 Tesla, superconductivity mu tungsten disulfide sikuwonetsa kusintha kulikonse. Komabe, ngakhale kuti ndi bwino kukhala ndi chitetezo champhamvu chotero, vuto lotsatira ndilo kupeza njira yoyendetsera chitetezo ichi, pogwiritsa ntchito magetsi.

New superconducting states

Ye ndi othandizira ake adaphunzira magawo awiri a molybdenum disulfide: "Mukapangidwe kameneka, kuyanjana pakati pa zigawo ziwirizi kumapanga maiko atsopano." Inu munapanga inaimitsidwa pawiri wosanjikiza, ndi madzi ionic mbali zonse zomwe zingagwiritsidwe ntchito kupanga malo magetsi kudutsa bilayer. "Mu monolayer payekha, gawo loterolo lidzakhala lopanda malire, lokhala ndi ma ion abwino mbali imodzi ndi zolakwa zoyipa zomwe zimayambitsidwa mbali inayo. Komabe, mu bilayer, titha kukhala ndi chiwongola dzanja chofananira pa ma monolayers onse, ndikupanga ma symmetrical system, "Yes akufotokoza. Munda wamagetsi womwe unapangidwa ukhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito kusinthira superconductivity ndi kuzimitsa. Izi zikutanthauza kuti superconducting transistor idapangidwa yomwe imatha kulumikizidwa kudzera mumadzi a ionic.

Mu magawo awiri, chitetezo cha Ising ku maginito akunja chimatha. "Izi zimachitika chifukwa cha kusintha kwa mgwirizano pakati pa zigawo ziwirizi." Komabe, gawo lamagetsi limatha kubwezeretsa chitetezo. "Mlingo wachitetezo umatengera momwe mumapezera chidacho mwamphamvu."

Ma Cooper awiriawiri

Kuwonjezera pa kupanga transistor ya superconducting, Ye ndi anzake adawonanso chinthu china chochititsa chidwi. Mu 1964, dziko lapadera la superconducting linanenedweratu kuti lidzakhalapo, lotchedwa boma la FFLO (lotchedwa asayansi omwe analosera: Fulde, Ferrell, Larkin ndi Ovchinnikov). Mu superconductivity, ma elekitironi amayenda awiriawiri mbali zosiyana. Popeza amayenda pa liwiro lomwelo, ma Cooper awiriwa ali ndi mphamvu ya kinetic ya ziro. Koma m'chigawo cha FFLO, pali kusiyana pang'ono kwa liwiro ndipo chifukwa chake kuthamanga kwa kinetic si zero. Pakadali pano, dziko lino silinaphunzirepo moyenera pazoyeserera.

"Takwaniritsa pafupifupi zofunikira zonse kuti tikonzekere FFLO pazida zathu," akutero Ye. "Koma dzikolo ndi lofooka kwambiri ndipo limakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi kuipitsidwa kwa zinthu zathu. Chifukwa chake, tifunika kubwereza zoyesererazo ndi zitsanzo zoyeretsa. ”

Ndi bilayer yoimitsidwa ya molybdenum disulfide, Ye ndi othandizira ali ndi zosakaniza zonse zofunika kuti aphunzire zina zapadera za superconducting. "Iyi ndi sayansi yofunikira kwambiri yomwe ingatibweretsere kusintha kwamalingaliro."