Madzi akagwiritsidwa ntchito pa tungsten diselenide yopyapyala, imayamba kunyezimira modabwitsa kwambiri. Kuphatikiza pa kuwala wamba, zomwe zida zina za semiconductor zimatha kutulutsa, tungsten diselenide imapanganso mtundu wapadera kwambiri wa kuwala kowala kwa quantum, komwe kumapangidwa kokha pazigawo zenizeni za zinthuzo. Zimapangidwa ndi mndandanda wa ma photon omwe nthawi zonse amatulutsidwa imodzi ndi imodzi - osakhala awiriawiri kapena m'magulu. Izi zotsutsana ndi bunching ndizabwino pazoyeserera pazambiri za quantum ndi quantum cryptography, pomwe ma photon amodzi amafunikira. Komabe, kwa zaka zambiri, kutulutsa kumeneku kwakhala kosamvetsetseka.

Ofufuza ku TU Vienna tsopano afotokoza izi: Kulumikizana kosawoneka bwino kwa vuto limodzi la atomiki pazinthu zakuthupi ndi zovuta zamakina ndizomwe zimayambitsa kuwunikaku. Mayesero apakompyuta amasonyeza momwe ma electron amathamangitsidwa kumalo enaake muzinthuzo, kumene amagwidwa ndi chilema, kutaya mphamvu ndi kutulutsa photon. Yankho la chithunzi chowala cha quantum tsopano lasindikizidwa mu Makalata Owunika Mwakuthupi.

Ma atomu atatu okha okhuthala

Tungsten diselenide ndi zinthu ziwiri-dimensional zomwe zimapanga zigawo zoonda kwambiri. Zigawo zotere zimakhala ndi zigawo zitatu za atomiki zokhuthala, ndi maatomu a tungsten pakati, ophatikizidwa ndi maatomu a selenium pansi ndi pamwamba. "Ngati mphamvu imaperekedwa ku wosanjikiza, mwachitsanzo pogwiritsa ntchito magetsi a magetsi kapena kuunikira ndi kuwala kwa kutalika koyenera, imayamba kuwala," akufotokoza Lukas Linhart wochokera ku Institute of Theoretical Physics ku TU Vienna. "Izi pazokha sizachilendo, zida zambiri zimatero. Komabe, kuwala kotulutsidwa ndi tungsten diselenide kutaunikiridwa mwatsatanetsatane, kuwonjezera pa kuwala wamba mtundu wapadera wa kuwala wokhala ndi zinthu zachilendo kwambiri unapezeka.”

Kuwala kwapadera kumeneku kumapangidwa ndi ma photon a kutalika kwa kutalika kwake - ndipo nthawi zonse amatulutsidwa payekhapayekha. Sizichitika kuti ma photon awiri a kutalika kofanana amapezeka nthawi imodzi. “Izi zikutiuza kuti ma photon amenewa sangapangidwe mwachisawawa m’zinthu zakuthupi, koma kuti payenera kukhala mfundo zina m’chitsanzo cha tungsten diselenide chimene chimatulutsa ma photon ambiri ameneŵa, chimodzi pambuyo pa chimzake,” akufotokoza motero Pulofesa Florian Libisch, amene kufufuza kwake kumayang’ana pa ziŵiri. -Dimensional zipangizo.

Kufotokozera izi kumafuna kumvetsetsa mwatsatanetsatane za khalidwe la ma elekitironi mu zinthu pa mlingo wa quantum thupi. Ma electron mu tungsten diselenide amatha kukhala ndi mphamvu zosiyanasiyana. Ngati electron imasintha kuchoka ku mphamvu yamphamvu kupita ku mphamvu yochepa, photon imatulutsidwa. Komabe, kulumphira uku ku mphamvu yocheperako sikuloledwa nthawi zonse: Elekitironi iyenera kumamatira ku malamulo ena - kusunga mphamvu ndi mphamvu ya angular.

Chifukwa cha malamulo osungira awa, electron mu mphamvu ya quantum yapamwamba iyenera kukhalabe - pokhapokha ngati zolakwa zina zakuthupi zimalola kuti mayiko amphamvu asinthe. "Tungsten diselenide wosanjikiza sikhala wangwiro. M’madera ena, atomu imodzi kapena angapo a selenium angakhale akusowa,” akutero Lukas Linhart. "Izi zimasinthanso mphamvu zama elekitironi m'derali."

Komanso, wosanjikiza zinthu si ndege wangwiro. Monga bulangete lomwe limakwinya likayalidwa pa pilo, tungsten diselenide imatambasulira kumaloko pamene wosanjikiza wa zinthuzo wapachikidwa pazigawo zing'onozing'ono zothandizira. Kupsinjika kwamakina kumakhudzanso mphamvu zamagetsi zamagetsi.

"Kulumikizana kwa zinthu zofooka ndi zovuta zapanyumba kumakhala kovuta. Komabe, tsopano takwanitsa kutsanzira zonse ziwiri pakompyuta,” akutero Lukas Linhart. "Ndipo zikuwonekeratu kuti kuphatikiza kotereku kungafotokozere zachilendo."

Pazigawo zazing'ono zazing'ono za zinthuzo, pomwe zolakwika ndi zovuta zapamtunda zimawonekera palimodzi, mphamvu za ma elekitironi zimasintha kuchoka kumtunda kupita ku mphamvu yochepa ndipo zimatulutsa fotoni. Malamulo a quantum physics salola kuti ma elekitironi awiri akhale ofanana ndendende nthawi imodzi, choncho ma electron ayenera kuchita izi imodzi ndi imodzi. Chotsatira chake, ma photon amatulutsidwa mmodzimmodzi, komanso.

Panthawi imodzimodziyo, kusokonezeka kwa makina azinthu kumathandiza kusonkhanitsa ma electron ambiri pafupi ndi chilemacho kuti electron ina ipezeke mosavuta kuti ilowemo pambuyo pomaliza kusintha dziko lake ndikutulutsa photon.

Chotsatirachi chikuwonetsa kuti zida za 2-D za ultrathin zimatsegula mwayi watsopano wa sayansi yazinthu.