Molybdenum:

• Ndi chinthu chongochitika mwachilengedwe chomwe chidadziwika mu 1778 ndi Carl Wilhelm Scheele, wasayansi waku Sweden yemwe adapezanso mpweya mumlengalenga.
• Ili ndi imodzi mwamalo osungunuka kwambiri mwazinthu zonse komabe kachulukidwe ake ndi 25% yokha yachitsulo.
• Zili mu ores zosiyanasiyana, koma molybdenite (MoS2) yekha ntchito kupanga malonda molybdenum mankhwala.
• Ili ndi coefficient yotsika kwambiri pakukulitsa kutentha kwazinthu zilizonse zauinjiniya.

Zimachokera kuti:

• Migodi yayikulu ya molybdenum imapezeka ku Canada, USA, Mexico, Peru ndi Chile. Mu 2008, malo osungira ore adakwana matani 19,000,000 (gwero: US Geological Survey). China ili ndi nkhokwe zazikulu kwambiri zotsatiridwa ndi USA ndi Chile.
• Molybdenite imatha kuchitika ngati mchere wokhawokha m'thupi la ore, koma nthawi zambiri umalumikizidwa ndi mchere wa sulfide wa zitsulo zina, makamaka mkuwa.

Amakonzedwa bwanji:

• Miyendo ya migodi imaphwanyidwa, pansi, yosakanikirana ndi madzi ndi mpweya mu njira yoyandama kuti ilekanitse zitsulo zachitsulo kuchokera ku thanthwe.
• Zotsatira zake zimakhala ndi pakati pa 85% ndi 92% yogwiritsidwa ntchito m'mafakitale molybdenum disulfide (MoS2). Kuwotcha izi mumlengalenga pa 500 mpaka 650 °C kumatulutsa molybdenite concentrate yokazinga kapena RMC (Mo03), yomwe imadziwikanso kuti technical Mo oxide kapena tech oxide. Pafupifupi 40 mpaka 50% ya molybdenum imagwiritsidwa ntchito mwanjira imeneyi, makamaka ngati chinthu chophatikizira muzitsulo.
• 30-40% ya RMC yopanga imasinthidwa kukhala ferromolybdenum (FeMo) poyisakaniza ndi iron oxide ndikuchepetsa ndi ferrosilicon ndi aluminium muzochita za thermite. The chifukwa ingots ndi wophwanyidwa ndi kufufuzidwa kupanga ankafuna FeMo tinthu kukula.
• Pafupifupi 20% ya RMC yopangidwa padziko lonse lapansi imasinthidwa kukhala mankhwala angapo monga pure molybdic oxide (Mo03) ndi molybdates. Njira yothetsera ammonium molybdate imatha kusinthidwa kukhala zinthu zingapo za molybdate ndikuwonjezera kuwerengetsa kumatulutsa koyera molybdenum trioxide.
• Chitsulo cha molybdenum chimapangidwa ndi njira yochepetsera hydrogen ya magawo awiri kuti ipereke ufa wa molybdenum.

Amagwiritsidwa ntchito chiyani:

• Pafupifupi 20% ya molybdenum yatsopano, yopangidwa kuchokera ku miyala ya migodi imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri cha molybdenum.
• Zitsulo zaumisiri, zida ndi chitsulo chothamanga kwambiri, chitsulo choponyedwa ndi superalloys palimodzi zimawonjezera 60% ya ntchito ya molybdenum.
• 20% yotsalayo imagwiritsidwa ntchito pazinthu zowonjezera monga lubricant grade molybdenum disulfide (MoS2), molybdenum chemical compounds ndi molybdenum metal.

Ubwino ndi kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu:

Chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri

• Molybdenum imathandizira kukana kwa dzimbiri komanso kutentha kwambiri kwazitsulo zonse zosapanga dzimbiri. Zimakhala ndi zotsatira zabwino kwambiri pakupanga ma pitting ndi kutsekeka kwa dzimbiri muzitsulo zokhala ndi kloridi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zofunikira pakupanga mankhwala ndi zina.
• Zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri zokhala ndi molybdenum zimagonjetsedwa kwambiri ndi dzimbiri ndipo zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pomanga, zomangamanga ndi zomangamanga, zomwe zimapereka kusinthasintha kwakukulu komanso moyo wotalikirapo.
• Zogulitsa zambiri zimapangidwa kuchokera ku zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri zomwe zili ndi molybdenum kuti zitetezedwe ku dzimbiri, kuphatikizapo zida zomangira, denga, makoma otchinga, ma handrails, dziwe losambira, zitseko, zowunikira komanso zoteteza dzuwa.

Superalloys

Izi zimakhala ndi ma aloyi osagwirizana ndi dzimbiri komanso ma aloyi otentha kwambiri:

• Zosakaniza za nickel-based alloys zomwe zimakhala ndi molybdenum zimagwiritsidwa ntchito poyang'anizana ndi malo owononga kwambiri m'mafakitale osiyanasiyana opangira ndondomeko, kuphatikizapo mayunitsi a flue gas desulfurization omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochotsa sulfure kuchokera ku mpweya wamagetsi.
• Ma alloys otentha kwambiri amakhala olimba-njira yolimbitsidwa, yomwe imapereka kukana kuwonongeka komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha kutentha kwapamwamba, kapena zaka zolimba, zomwe zimapereka mphamvu zowonjezera popanda kuchepetsa kwambiri ductility ndipo zimakhala zogwira mtima kwambiri pakuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa matenthedwe.

Aloyi zitsulo

• Molybdenum pang'ono chabe imapangitsa kuuma, kumachepetsa kukwiya komanso kumawonjezera kukana kuukira kwa haidrojeni komanso kupsinjika kwa sulfide.
• Molybdenum wowonjezera amawonjezeranso kutentha kwamphamvu komanso kumapangitsa kuti pakhale kutentha, makamaka muzitsulo zotsika kwambiri za alloy (HSLA). Zitsulo zapamwambazi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito m'njira zosiyanasiyana, kuchokera ku magalimoto opepuka mpaka kuwongolera bwino m'nyumba, mapaipi ndi milatho, kupulumutsa zonse kuchuluka kwa zitsulo zomwe zimafunikira komanso mphamvu ndi mpweya wokhudzana ndi kupanga kwake, zoyendetsa ndi kupanga.

Ntchito zina

Zitsanzo zapadera zogwiritsira ntchito molybdenum ndizo:

• Ma aloyi opangidwa ndi molybdenum, omwe ali ndi mphamvu zabwino kwambiri komanso osasunthika pamakina kutentha kwambiri (mpaka 1900 ° C) m'malo opanda oxidizing kapena vacuum. Kukhazikika kwawo kwakukulu ndi kulimba kwawo kumapereka kulolerana kwakukulu kwa zofooka ndi kusweka kwa brittle kuposa zoumba.
• Ma aloyi a Molybdenum-tungsten, omwe amadziwika kuti amakana kwambiri zinki wosungunuka
• Molybdenum-25% rhenium alloys, amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zida za injini ya rocket ndi zosinthira zitsulo zamadzimadzi zomwe ziyenera kukhala ductile kutentha kwa firiji.
• Molybdenum yovekedwa ndi mkuwa, popanga kukulitsa otsika, matabwa apamwamba amagetsi apakompyuta
• Molybdenum oxide, yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zopangira mafuta amafuta ndi mafakitale amafuta, imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pakuyenga mafuta osapsa kuti achepetse sulfure zomwe zili muzinthu zoyengedwa.
• Chemical molybdenum mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito polima polima, corrosion inhibitors ndi mawonekedwe apamwamba kwambiri amafuta.