Tungsten, yomwe imadziwikanso kuti wolfram, ili ndi ntchito zambiri. Nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga magetsimawaya, ndi kutenthetsa ndikukhudzana kwamagetsi.

Chitsulo chofunikira chimagwiritsidwanso ntchito mukuwotcherera, heavy metal aloyi, zoyikira kutentha, masamba opangira makina opangira magetsi komanso m'malo mwa mtovu mu zipolopolo.

Malinga ndi lipoti laposachedwa kwambiri la US Geological Survey pazitsulo, kupanga tungsten padziko lonse kudafika pa 95,000 MT mu 2017, kuchokera ku 2016's 88,100 MT.

Kuwonjezeka kumeneku kunabwera ngakhale kuti zinthu zinachepa kuchokera ku Mongolia, Rwanda ndi Spain. Kukula kwakukulu kwakupanga kudachokera ku UK, komwe kupanga kudakwera pafupifupi 50 peresenti.

Mtengo wa tungsten unayamba kukwera kumayambiriro kwa chaka cha 2017, ndipo unayenda bwino kwa nthawi yotsala ya chaka, koma mitengo ya tungsten inatha 2018 mochepa.

Ngakhale zili choncho, kufunikira kwa tungsten pamafakitale, kuchokera ku mafoni a m'manja kupita ku mabatire agalimoto, kumatanthauza kuti kufunikira sikudzatha posachedwa. Poganizira izi, ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti ndi mayiko ati omwe amapanga tungsten kwambiri. Nazi mwachidule mayiko omwe amapanga kwambiri chaka chatha.

1. China

Kupanga kwamigodi: 79,000 MT

China idapanga ma tungsten ochulukirapo mu 2017 kuposa momwe idachitira mu 2016, ndipo idakhalabe yopanga kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi ndi malire ambiri. Pazonse, idatulutsa 79,000 MT ya tungsten chaka chatha, kuchokera ku 72,000 MT chaka chatha.

Ndizotheka kuti kupanga tungsten ku China kungagwere m'tsogolo - dziko la Asia lachepetsa kuchuluka kwa ziphaso za tungsten-migodi ndi zotumiza kunja zomwe limapereka, ndipo lakhazikitsa magawo pakupanga kwambiri tungsten. Dzikoli lawonjezeranso kuyendera zachilengedwe posachedwa.

Kuwonjezera pa kukhala opanga ma tungsten aakulu kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi, dziko la China ndi limenenso limakonda kugwiritsa ntchito zitsulo. Inalinso gwero lalikulu la tungsten yomwe idatumizidwa ku US mu 2017, akuti idabweretsa 34 peresenti pamtengo wa $ 145 miliyoni. Misonkho yokhazikitsidwa ndi US pazinthu zaku China monga gawo lankhondo yamalonda pakati pa mayiko awiriwa yomwe idayamba mu 2018 ikhoza kukhudza ziwerengerozi kupita patsogolo.

2. Vietnam

Kupanga kwamigodi: 7,200 MT

Mosiyana ndi China, Vietnam inakumananso ndi kulumpha kwina mu kupanga tungsten mu 2017. Inatulutsa 7,200 MT yazitsulo poyerekeza ndi 6,500 MT chaka chatha. Masan Resources omwe ndi achinsinsi amayendetsa mgodi wa Nui Phao wochokera ku Vietnam, womwe akuti ndi mgodi waukulu kwambiri wopangira tungsten kunja kwa China. Komanso ndi amodzi mwa opanga otsika mtengo kwambiri a tungsten padziko lapansi.

3. Russia

Kupanga kwamigodi: 3,100 MT

Kupanga kwa tungsten ku Russia kunali kosalala kuyambira 2016 mpaka 2017, kubwera ku 3,100 MT m'zaka zonsezi. Derali lidabwera ngakhale Purezidenti Vladimir Putin adalamula kuti kupanga kuyambiranso kumunda wa Tyrnyauz tungsten-molybdenum. Putin akufuna kuwona malo akuluakulu amigodi ndi kukonza zinthu atakhazikitsidwa.

Kampani ya Wolfram ndiyomwe imapanga zinthu zambiri za tungsten mdziko muno, malinga ndi tsamba lake, ndipo kampaniyo imati chaka chilichonse imapanga mpaka matani 1,000 a chitsulo cha tungsten ufa, kuphatikiza matani 6,000 a tungsten oxide ndi matani 800 a tungsten carbide. .

4. Bolivia

Kupanga kwamigodi: 1,100 MT

Bolivia inamangidwa ndi UK chifukwa cha kupanga tungsten ku 2017. Ngakhale kuti kulimbikitsa makampani a tungsten m'dzikoli, zotsatira za Bolivia zinakhalabe pa 1,100 MT.

Makampani amigodi ku Bolivia akhudzidwa kwambiri ndi Comibol, kampani ya migodi ya boma ya dzikolo. Kampaniyo idanenanso phindu la $ 53.6 miliyoni mchaka chachuma cha 2017.

5. United Kingdom

Kupanga kwamigodi: 1,100 MT

UK idawona kudumpha kwakukulu mukupanga tungsten mu 2017, zomwe zidakwera mpaka 1,100 MT poyerekeza ndi 736 MT chaka chatha. Wolf Minerals mwina ndi amene amachititsa kuti izi ziwonjezeke; mu kugwa kwa 2015, kampani anatsegula Drakelands (omwe kale ankadziwika kuti Hemerdon) tungsten mgodi Devon.

Malinga ndi a BBC, Drakelands anali mgodi woyamba wa tungsten kutsegulidwa ku Britain pazaka zopitilira 40. Komabe, idatsekedwa mu 2018 Wolf atayamba kuyang'anira. Kampaniyo akuti idalephera kukwaniritsa zofunikira zake pakanthawi kochepa. Mutha kuwerenga zambiri za tungsten ku UK Pano.

6. Austria

Kupanga kwamigodi: 950 MT

Austria idapanga 950 MT ya tungsten mu 2017 poyerekeza ndi 954 MT chaka chatha. Zambiri mwazopangazi zitha kukhala chifukwa cha mgodi wa Mittersill, womwe uli ku Salzburg ndipo uli ndi gawo lalikulu kwambiri la tungsten ku Europe. Mgodiwu ndi wa Sandvik (STO:SAND).

7. Portugal

Kupanga kwamigodi: 680 MT

Portugal ndi amodzi mwa mayiko ochepa omwe ali pamndandandawu omwe adawona kuwonjezeka kwa kupanga tungsten mu 2017. Inatulutsa 680 MT yazitsulo, kuchokera ku 549 MT chaka chatha.

Mgodi wa Panasqueira ndi mgodi waukulu kwambiri ku Portugal wopanga tungsten. Mgodi wa Borralha wopangidwa kale, womwe kale unali wachiwiri kwa mgodi waukulu kwambiri wa tungsten ku Portugal, pano ndi wa Blackheath Resources (TSXV:BHR). Avrupa Minerals (TSXV:AVU) ndi kampani ina yaying'ono yomwe ili ndi pulojekiti ya tungsten ku Portugal. Mutha kuwerenga zambiri za tungsten ku Portugal pano.

8. Rwanda

Kupanga kwamigodi: 650 MT

Tungsten ndi imodzi mwazomera zotsutsana kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi, kutanthauza kuti zina mwazo zimapangidwa m'malo omenyera nkhondo ndikugulitsidwa kuti zipitilize kumenyana. Ngakhale kuti Rwanda yadzikweza yokha ngati gwero la mchere wopanda mikangano, nkhawa zidakalipo za tungsten zomwe zimachokera ku dzikolo. Fairphone, kampani yomwe imalimbikitsa "zamagetsi zabwino kwambiri," ikuthandizira kupanga tungsten ku Rwanda popanda mikangano.

Rwanda inangopanga 650 MT ya tungsten mu 2017, pansi pang'ono kuchokera ku 820 MT mu 2016. Dinani apa kuti mudziwe zambiri za tungsten ku Africa.

9. Spain

Kupanga kwamigodi: 570 MT

Kupanga kwa tungsten ku Spain kudatsika mu 2017, kubwera pa 570 MT. Ndizo zatsika kuchokera ku 650 MT chaka chatha.

Pali makampani angapo omwe akugwira nawo ntchito yofufuza, chitukuko ndi migodi ya katundu wa tungsten ku Spain. Zitsanzo zikuphatikizapo Almonty Industries (TSXV: AII), Ormonde Mining (LSE:ORM) ndi W Resources (LSE:WRES). Mutha kuwerenga zambiri za iwo pano.

Tsopano popeza mukudziwa zambiri za kupanga tungsten ndi komwe akuchokera, ndi chiyani chinanso chomwe mungafune kudziwa? Tifunseni mafunso anu mu ndemanga pansipa.