China mkulu chiyero niobium machined mbali superconducting niobium zakuthupi Wopanga ndi katundu

mkulu chiyero niobium machined mbali superconducting niobium zakuthupi

kuyeretsedwa kwakukulu kwa niobium makina opangidwa ndi superconducting niobium zakuthupi Zowonetsedwa

Kufotokozera Kwachidule:

Zida za superconducting niobium zimakhala ndi ntchito zosiyanasiyana, kuphatikiza maginito apamwamba, ma particle accelerators ndi makina a MRI. Kukhoza kwake kuyendetsa magetsi pa kutentha kochepa ndi zero kukana kumapangitsa kukhala koyenera kwa mapulogalamuwa.

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Kodi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya niobium ndi iti?

Niobium imapezeka makamaka m'mitundu iwiri yokhazikika ya isotopu: niobium-93 ndi niobium-95. Ma isotopuwa ali ndi manambala osiyanasiyana a ma neutroni m'magulu awo, koma onse amawonetsa zinthu zofanana. Pankhani ya mawonekedwe ake a kristalo, niobium imatha kukhalapo m'njira zosiyanasiyana, kuphatikiza magawo a alpha ndi beta, kutengera kutentha ndi kupanikizika.

Kuphatikiza pa mawonekedwe ake oyambira, niobium imapezeka mumitundu yosiyanasiyana komanso ma aloyi. Mwachitsanzo, niobium-tin (Nb3Sn) ndi niobium-titanium (Nb-Ti) amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga waya wapamwamba kwambiri pakugwiritsa ntchito monga makina a MRI ndi ma particle accelerators. Ma alloys awa amawonetsa superconducting katundu pamatenthedwe otsika, kuwapangitsa kukhala ofunikira m'munda wa superconductivity.

Kuonjezera apo, niobium ikhoza kuphatikizidwa ndi zitsulo zina kuti ziwonjezere katundu wake pa ntchito zinazake. Mwachitsanzo, niobium ikhoza kuphatikizidwa ndi zirconium, tantalum kapena zinthu zina kuti apange ma aloyi ndi mphamvu zowonjezera, kukana kwa dzimbiri kapena superconducting katundu.

Ponseponse, mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya niobium imaphatikizapo mawonekedwe ake oyambira, isotopu, mawonekedwe a kristalo, ndi ma aloyi osiyanasiyana ndi zinthu zina, iliyonse ili ndi mawonekedwe ake ndi ntchito zake.

Kodi niobium imapangidwa bwanji?

Niobium imapezeka makamaka kudzera mu njira yotchedwa Brazilian pyrochlore. Ntchito yochotsa ili ndi magawo angapo:

1. Migodi: Chinthu choyamba ndicho kuchotsa miyala yokhala ndi niobium, yomwe nthawi zambiri imagwirizanitsidwa ndi mchere wina monga tantalum, tini ndi titaniyamu. Brazil ndi Canada ndi omwe amapanga niobium ore.

2. Kupindula kwa miyala: Miyala yokumbidwa imakonzedwa kuti iunjike mu mchere wa niobium. Izi nthawi zambiri zimaphatikizapo kuphwanya, kugaya ndi njira zosiyanasiyana zolekanitsa kuti alekanitse mchere wokhala ndi niobium ndi zigawo zina za ore.

3. Kuyenga: Mwala wa niobium wokhazikika umadutsa njira zina zoyenga kuti achotse zodetsa ndi kutulutsa mphamvu ya niobium yoyera kwambiri. Izi zingaphatikizepo kukonza mankhwala, kutulutsa ndi kuchotsa zosungunulira kuti mupeze mankhwala oyeretsedwa a niobium.

4. Kuchepetsa: Chigawo choyeretsedwa cha niobium chimachepetsedwa kukhala chitsulo cha niobium kupyolera mu kutentha kwapamwamba, kawirikawiri pogwiritsa ntchito njira monga njira yochepetsera aluminothermic. Izi zimabweretsa kupanga chitsulo cha niobium mu mawonekedwe a ufa.

5. Kuphatikizika: Ufa wa niobium umaphatikizidwa kukhala mawonekedwe olimba kudzera m'njira monga zitsulo za ufa, zojambulajambula kapena njira zina zopangira kupanga niobium ingots, mapepala kapena mitundu ina yofunidwa.

Ponseponse, kupanga niobium kumaphatikizapo njira zingapo zochotsera, kuyeretsa ndi kukonza ores okhala ndi niobium kuti apeze chitsulo choyera kwambiri cha niobium kuti chigwiritsidwe ntchito m'mafakitale osiyanasiyana.