Njirimara nke Molybdenum
| Nọmba atọm | 42 |
| Nọmba CAS | 7439-98-7 |
| Atọmk uka | 95.94 |
| Ebe mgbaze | 2620C |
| Ebe esi nri | 5560C |
| Atomiki olu | 0.0153 nm3 |
| Njupụta na 20 Celsius C | 10.2g/cm³ |
| Ọdịdị kristal | cubic nke dabere n'ahụ |
| Lattice na-adịgide adịgide | 0.3147 [nm] |
| Uba n'ime ụwa | 1.2 g/t |
| Ọsọ ụda | 5400 m/s (na rt) (mkpara dị mkpa) |
| Mgbasa ọkụ ọkụ | 4.8µm/(m·K) (na 25 Celsius) |
| Thermal conductivity | 138 W/ (m·K) |
| Eletriki resistivity | 53.4 nΩ·m (na 20 Celsius) |
| Mohs isi ike | 5.5 |
| Vickers isi ike | 1400-2740Mpa |
| Brinell siri ike | 1370-2500Mpa |
Molybdenum bụ ihe kemịkalụ nwere akara Mo na nọmba atọm 42. Aha a sitere na Neo-Latin molybdaenum, sitere na Greek Ancient Μόλυβδος molybdos, nke pụtara lead, ebe ọ bụ na agbagwojuru mmanụ ya na mmanụ lead. A mara mineral Molybdenum n'akụkọ ihe mere eme niile, mana achọpụtara ihe ahụ (n'echiche nke ịwapụta ya dị ka ihe ọhụrụ sitere na salts mineral nke ọla ndị ọzọ) na 1778 site n'aka Carl Wilhelm Scheele. Ọ bụ n'afọ 1781 ka Peter Jacob Hjelm kewapụrụ ígwè ahụ.
Molybdenum anaghị eme n'onwe ya dị ka metal efu n'ụwa; A na-ahụ ya naanị na steeti oxidation dị iche iche na mineral. Ihe n'efu, ọla ọlaọcha nwere ihe nkedo isi awọ, nwere ebe mgbaze nke isii kachasị elu nke mmewere ọ bụla. Ọ na-etolite ngwa ngwa siri ike, carbide kwụsiri ike na alloys, n'ihi nke a, a na-eji ọtụtụ mmepụta ụwa nke mmewere (ihe dị ka 80%) na alloys ígwè, gụnyere alloys dị elu na superalloys.
Ọtụtụ ogige molybdenum nwere obere solubility na mmiri, ma mgbe mineral ndị na-ebu molybdenum na-akpọtụrụ oxygen na mmiri, molybdate ion MoO2-4 na-esi na ya pụta bụ ihe soluble. Ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe, ogige molybdenum (ihe dị ka 14% nke mmepụta ụwa nke mmewere) na-eji na-arụ ọrụ dị elu na okpomọkụ dị ka pigmenti na ihe na-akpali akpali.
Molybdenum na-ebu enzymes bụ ihe na-akpatakarị nje bacteria maka imebi njikọ kemịkalụ na nitrogen molecular ikuku na usoro nhazi nitrogen nke ndu. Ọ dịkarịa ala, 50 molybdenum enzymes ka amara ugbu a na nje bacteria, osisi, na anụmanụ, ọ bụ ezie na ọ bụ nanị nje bacteria na cyanobacterial enzymes na-etinye aka na nhazi nitrogen. Nitrogenases ndị a nwere molybdenum n'ụdị dị iche na enzymes molybdenum ndị ọzọ, nke ha niile nwere molybdenum oxidized zuru oke na molybdenum cofactor. Ndị a dị iche iche molybdenum cofactor enzymes dị mkpa maka ntule, na molybdenum bụ ihe dị mkpa maka ndụ na niile elu eukaryote organisms, ọ bụ ezie na ọ bụghị na niile bacteria.
Njirimara anụ ahụ
N'ụdị ya dị ọcha, molybdenum bụ ọla ọlaọcha-acha ntụ ntụ nwere ike Mohs nke 5.5, yana nha atọm ọkọlọtọ nke 95.95 g/mol. Ọ nwere ebe mgbaze nke 2,623 Celsius (4,753 Celsius F); N'ime ihe ndị na-emekarị, naanị tantalum, osmium, rhenium, tungsten, na carbon nwere ebe mgbaze dị elu. Ọ nwere otu n'ime ọnụ ọgụgụ kacha ala nke mgbasawanye okpomọkụ n'etiti ọla ndị eji ere ahịa. Ike ike nke wires molybdenum na-abawanye ihe dị ka ugboro 3, site na ihe dịka 10 ruo 30 GPa, mgbe dayameta ha na-ebelata site na ~ 50-100 nm ruo 10 nm.
Njirimara kemịkalụ
Molybdenum bụ ọla ngbanwe nke nwere electronegativity nke 2.16 na ọnụ ọgụgụ Pauling. Ọ naghị emeghachi omume na ikuku oxygen ma ọ bụ mmiri n'ime ụlọ okpomọkụ. oxidation na-adịghị ike nke molybdenum na-amalite na 300 Celsius (572 Celsius F); nnukwu oxidation na-apụta na okpomọkụ karịrị 600 Celsius C, na-ebute molybdenum trioxide. Dị ka ọtụtụ ọla mgbanwe dị arọ karị, molybdenum na-egosi ntakịrị ọchịchọ ịmepụta cation na ngwọta mmiri, ọ bụ ezie na a maara Mo3 + cation n'okpuru ọnọdụ ejiri nlezianya na-achịkwa.
Ngwaahịa dị ọkụ nke Molybdenum
