Tantalum yog cov khoom siv tshuaj muaj cim Ta thiab atomic tooj 73. Yav tas los hu ua tantalium, nws lub npe los ntawm Tantalus, ib tug neeg phem los ntawm Greek mythology. Tantalum yog ib qho tsis tshua muaj, tawv, xiav-grey, lustrous hloov pauv hlau uas muaj kev tiv thaiv corrosion-resistant. Nws yog ib feem ntawm pab pawg neeg hlau refractory, uas yog dav siv los ua cov khoom me me hauv cov alloys. Cov tshuaj inertness ntawm tantalum ua rau nws muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau cov khoom siv hauv chav kuaj thiab hloov pauv platinum. Nws lub ntsiab siv niaj hnub no yog nyob rau hauv tantalum capacitors hauv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob xws li xov tooj ntawm tes, DVD players, video game systems thiab computers. Tantalum, ib txwm ua ke nrog cov tshuaj zoo sib xws niobium, tshwm sim hauv cov pob zeb hauv av tantalite, columbite thiab coltan (kev sib xyaw ntawm columbite thiab tantalite, tab sis tsis lees paub tias yog ib hom pob zeb sib txawv). Tantalum yog suav tias yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm kev siv tshuab.

Lub cev muaj zog
TANTALUM tsaus (xiav-grey), ntom, ductile, tawv heev, yooj yim ua kom yooj yim, thiab conductive ntawm tshav kub thiab hluav taws xob. Cov hlau muaj npe nrov rau nws cov kev tiv thaiv corrosion los ntawm acids; Qhov tseeb, ntawm qhov kub siab tshaj 150 ° C tantalum yog yuav luag tsis muaj zog tiv thaiv kab mob los ntawm ib txwm aggressive aqua regia. Nws tuaj yeem yaj nrog hydrofluoric acid lossis acidic daws uas muaj cov fluoride ion thiab sulfur trioxide, nrog rau kev daws ntawm potassium hydroxide. Tantalum lub siab melting point ntawm 3017 ° C (lub point boiling 5458 ° C) yog tshaj ntawm cov ntsiab tsuas yog tungsten, rhenium thiab osmium rau hlau, thiab carbon.

Tantalum muaj nyob rau hauv ob theem crystalline, alpha thiab beta. Lub alpha theem yog cov ductile thiab mos; Nws muaj lub cev-centered cubic qauv (chaw pab pawg Im3m, lattice tas li a = 0.33058 nm), Knoop hardness 200-400 HN thiab hluav taws xob resistivity 15-60 µΩ⋅cm. Cov theem beta yog tawv thiab nkig; Nws cov siv lead ua symmetry yog tetragonal (chaw pab pawg P42 / mnm, a = 1.0194 nm, c = 0.5313 nm), Knoop hardness yog 1000-1300 HN thiab hluav taws xob tiv taus yog qhov siab ntawm 170-210 µΩ⋅cm. Cov theem beta yog metastable thiab hloov mus rau alpha theem thaum cua sov rau 750-775 ° C. Tej tantalum yog yuav luag tag nrho alpha theem, thiab lub beta theem feem ntau tshwm sim raws li nyias films tau los ntawm magnetron sputtering, tshuaj vapor deposition los yog electrochemical deposition los ntawm ib tug eutectic molten ntsev tov.