Brazil yog lub ntiaj teb cov neeg tsim khoom loj tshaj plaws ntawm niobium thiab tuav txog 98 feem pua ​​​​ntawm cov khoom muaj nqis nyob hauv ntiaj teb. Cov khoom siv tshuaj no yog siv rau hauv cov hlau alloys, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov hlau uas muaj zog, thiab yuav luag tsis muaj kev txwv ntawm cov ntawv siv high-tech los ntawm cov xov tooj ntawm tes mus rau lub tshuab dav hlau. Brazil xa tawm feem ntau ntawm niobium nws tsim nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov khoom xws li ferroniobium.

Lwm yam khoom Brazil kuj muaj nyob rau hauv ntau ntau tab sis underuses yog glycerol, ib tug byproduct ntawm roj thiab rog saponification nyob rau hauv lub lag luam xab npum thiab xab npum, thiab ntawm transesterification cov tshuaj tiv thaiv nyob rau hauv lub biodiesel kev lag luam. Hauv qhov no, qhov xwm txheej tseem phem dua vim tias glycerol feem ntau muab pov tseg raws li pov tseg, thiab kev pov tseg kom zoo ntawm cov ntim loj yog qhov nyuaj.

Ib txoj kev tshawb fawb tau ua nyob rau ntawm Tsoom Fwv Tsev Kawm Ntawv Qib Siab ntawm ABC (UFABC) hauv São Paulo State, Brazil, ua ke niobium thiab glycerol hauv kev cog lus thev naus laus zis rau kev tsim cov roj hlwb. Ib tsab xov xwm piav qhia txog txoj kev tshawb no, hu ua "Niobium txhim kho electrocatalytic Pd kev ua haujlwm hauv alkaline ncaj qha glycerol roj hlwb," tau luam tawm hauv ChemElectroChem thiab nthuav tawm ntawm daim npog ntawm phau ntawv journal.

"Hauv txoj cai, lub xovtooj ntawm tes yuav ua haujlwm zoo li lub roj teeb glycerol-fueled kom rov them cov khoom siv hluav taws xob me me xws li xov tooj ntawm tes lossis laptops. Nws tuaj yeem siv rau hauv thaj chaw uas tsis them los ntawm daim phiaj hluav taws xob. Tom qab ntawd cov thev naus laus zis tuaj yeem hloov kho kom khiav hluav taws xob tsheb thiab txawm tias muab lub zog rau cov tsev. Muaj kev txwv tsis pub muaj peev xwm siv tau ntev, "chemist Felipe de Moura Souza, thawj tus sau ntawm tsab xov xwm hais. Souza muaj nyiaj pub dawb ncaj qha los ntawm São Paulo Research Foundation-FAPESP.

Nyob rau hauv lub cell, chemical zog los ntawm glycerol oxidation cov tshuaj tiv thaiv nyob rau hauv lub anode thiab pa oxygen txo nyob rau hauv lub cathode yog hloov dua siab tshiab rau hauv hluav taws xob, tawm tsuas yog carbon gas thiab dej raws li residues. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tiav yog C3H8O3 (kua glycerol) + 7/2 O2 (cov pa oxygen) → 3 CO2 (carbon gas) + 4 H2O (kua dej). Ib tug schematic sawv cev ntawm tus txheej txheem yog qhia hauv qab no.

"Niobium [Nb] koom nrog hauv cov txheej txheem ua co-catalyst, pab kev ua haujlwm ntawm palladium [Pd] siv los ua cov roj cell anode. Qhov sib ntxiv ntawm niobium ua rau tus nqi ntawm palladium yuav tsum tau halved, txo tus nqi ntawm tes. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm nws ho nce lub zog ntawm lub cell. Tab sis nws txoj kev koom tes tseem ceeb yog txo qis hauv electrolytic lom ntawm palladium uas tshwm sim los ntawm oxidation ntawm intermediates uas muaj zog adsorbed nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm ntev ntawm lub cell, xws li carbon monoxide, "said Mauro Coelho dos Santos, ib tug xibfwb ntawm UFABC. , tus kws pab tswv yim thesis rau Souza tus kws kho mob ncaj qha, thiab tus kws tshawb fawb tus thawj coj rau txoj kev kawm.

Los ntawm ib puag ncig kev pom, uas ntau dua puas tau yuav tsum yog qhov kev txiav txim siab rau kev xaiv thev naus laus zis, glycerol roj cell raug suav hais tias yog kev daws teeb meem zoo vim tias nws tuaj yeem hloov cov tshuab hluav taws xob uas siv los ntawm fossil fuels.