ʻO ke kīʻaha tungsten
Hoʻohana: Ma muli o kona kūpaʻa kiʻekiʻe o ka wela a me ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, hoʻohana nui ʻia ka tungsten i ka hana ʻana i ka ruby ​​a me ka ulu ʻana o ka kristal sapphire a me ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana o ka honua i ka ʻoihana LED.
Nui maʻamau e like me lalo:

ʻO kā mākou mau kīʻaha i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i hana ʻia me ka tungsten he ʻeleʻele ʻili ma lalo o 0.8 µm. Hiki ke kiʻi ʻia ka sapphire mai loko mai o ke kīʻaha me ka pilikia ʻole a me ka hoʻopōʻino ʻole ʻana i ka ʻili o ka crucible. No nā mea hana sapphire, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka hana hou ʻana o ka ʻili o ka crucible. Holo mālie nā pōʻai a hāʻawi i nā ingot kiʻekiʻe. A aia kekahi mea maikaʻi: ʻAʻole hiki ke maʻalahi ka ʻili maʻemaʻe i ka ʻino i hana ʻia e ka sapphire hoʻoheheʻe ikaika. Hoʻonui kēia i ke ola lawelawe o nā crucibles tungsten reusable.
Hiki iā mākou ke hana i ka tungsten rhenium ma nā ʻano nui a me nā flakes tungsten no ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana o ka honua a me ka tungsten a me nā ʻāpana molybdenum no ke kahua wela o ka sapphire crystal growth furnace (me ka pale wela, ke kino wela a me ke kākoʻo, etc.) e like me nā koi o ka mea kūʻai aku.