ʻO Kina ka mea hoʻoheheʻe kiʻekiʻe e kuhikuhi ana i ka molybdenum pine no ka hoʻoheheʻe kila Mea hana a me ka mea hoʻolako |Tungsten forged

ka hoʻoheheʻe kiʻekiʻe e kuhikuhi ana i ka molybdenum pine no ka hoʻoheheʻe kila

ʻO ka wehewehe pōkole:

ʻIke ʻia ʻo Molybdenum no kona wahi hoʻoheheʻe kiʻekiʻe, e lilo ia i mea waiwai no nā ʻano hana wela kiʻekiʻe, me ka hoʻoheheʻe kila a me nā hana ʻoihana ʻē aʻe.ʻO ka helu heheʻe kiʻekiʻe o Molybdenum, ma kahi o 2,623 degere Celsius (4,753 degere Fahrenheit), hiki iā ia ke pale i nā wela wela, kūpono ia no ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā wahi e hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ai nā mea ʻē aʻe.

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He aha nā mea hoʻoheheʻe kiʻekiʻe?

ʻIke ʻia kekahi mau mea no ko lākou mau wahi heheʻe kiʻekiʻe, kahi e waiwai ai lākou no nā ʻano hana ʻenehana, ʻepekema, a me ka ʻenehana.ʻO kekahi mau mea me nā helu heheʻe kiʻekiʻe loa:

1. Tungsten: Loaʻa i ka Tungsten ka helu heheʻe kiʻekiʻe loa o nā metala āpau, ma kahi o 3,422 degere Celsius (6,192 degere Fahrenheit).ʻO kēia mea hoʻoheheʻe kūikawā he mea waiwai nui ka tungsten i nā noi wela kiʻekiʻe e like me ka ʻoihana aerospace, nā pilina uila a me nā umu wela wela.

2. Rhenium: ʻO ka Rhenium ke kolu o ka helu heheʻe kiʻekiʻe loa o nā mea a pau, ma kahi o 3,180 degere Celsius (5,756 degere Fahrenheit).ʻO ka helu heheʻe kiʻekiʻe o Rhenium a me ke kūpaʻa ʻana i ka ʻaʻahu a me ka corrosion e ʻae ia e hoʻohana ʻia i nā noi wela kiʻekiʻe, me nā superalloys no nā aerospace a me nā ʻenekini turbine gas.

3. Osmium: He wahi hehee ko Osmium ma kahi o 3,033 degere Celsius (5,491 degere Fahrenheit), e lilo ia i kekahi o na mea me ka helu hehee kiekie loa.Hoʻohana ʻia ʻo Osmium i kekahi mau mea wela wela a me nā noi kūikawā e koi ana i ka paʻakikī kiʻekiʻe loa a me ke kūpaʻa corrosion.

4. Tantalum: He wahi hehee kiʻekiʻe ko Tantalum ma kahi o 3,020 degere Celsius (5,468 degere Fahrenheit).ʻO ka helu heheʻe kiʻekiʻe o Tantalum a me ke kūpaʻa corrosion maikaʻi loa i mea waiwai i nā mea hana kemika, nā ʻāpana umu wela wela, a me nā mea uila.

5. Molybdenum: He wahi hehee kiʻekiʻe ka Molybdenum, ma kahi o 2,623 degere Celsius (4,753 degere Fahrenheit).ʻO ka helu hoʻoheheʻe kiʻekiʻe o Molybdenum a me kāna conductivity thermal maikaʻi loa a me ka ikaika i nā wela kiʻekiʻe he mea waiwai ia no nā ʻano hana wela kiʻekiʻe, me ka aerospace, pale a me nā kaʻina hana ʻoihana.

Kuhi ʻia kēia mau mea no ko lākou mau wahi hoʻoheheʻe kiʻekiʻe, kahi e hiki ai iā lākou ke mālama i ka kūpaʻa a me ka hana ʻana i nā mahana wela.ʻO kā lākou mau waiwai kūʻokoʻa he mea koʻikoʻi lākou no nā noi kahi e kau ai ka mea i ka wela kiʻekiʻe a me ke kaumaha wela.

He aha nā mea e pili ana i ka helu heheʻe?

Hoʻopili ʻia ka helu hoʻoheheʻe o kekahi mea e nā ʻano mea like ʻole, e like me nā ikaika intermolecular, ke ʻano molekala, a me ke kaomi o waho.Eia kekahi mau kumu nui e pili ana i ka helu hehee o kekahi mea.

1. Ka ikaika intermolecular: ʻO ka ikaika o ka ikaika intermolecular ma waena o nā molekala he mana nui i ka helu heheʻe.ʻO nā mea me nā pūʻali molekala ikaika, e like me ka ionic a i ʻole ka covalent bond, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā helu heheʻe.No ka laʻana, loaʻa nā mea hoʻoheheʻe kiʻekiʻe ma muli o ka ikaika o nā pūhui ionic.

2. ʻO ka nui a me ke ʻano molekala: ʻO ka nui a me ke ʻano o ka mole e pili ana i ka helu heheʻe.ʻOi aku ka nui o nā molekala nui me nā hale paʻakikī, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā helu heheʻe ma muli o ka hoʻonui ʻia ʻana o ka ʻili a me nā pilina intermolecular ikaika.ʻO ka mea ʻē aʻe, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o nā molekala spherical hiki ke loaʻa nā wahi heheʻe haʻahaʻa.

3. Polarity: Loaʻa i nā molekala polar ka puʻunaue like ʻole a ʻoi aku ka nui o nā helu heheʻe ma mua o nā molekala non-polar.ʻO kēia ke kumu no ka hōʻike ʻana o nā molekala polar i nā hiʻohiʻona intermolecular ikaika, e like me ka pilina dipole-dipole a me ka hoʻopaʻa hydrogen.

4. Ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻia: ʻO ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana o nā ʻāpana i loko o ka lattice aniani paʻa e pili ana i ka helu heheʻe.ʻO nā mea me nā hale aniani i hoʻonohonoho pono ʻia a hoʻopaʻa paʻa ʻia, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā helu heheʻe ma mua o nā mea me nā hale liʻiliʻi.

5. Paʻi: I kekahi mau hihia, pili ka helu heheʻe o kahi mea i ka kaomi o waho.No ka laʻana, hiki i ka hoʻonui ʻana i ke kaomi ke hoʻokiʻekiʻe i ka helu heheʻe o kekahi mau mea, ʻoi aku ka poʻe e hōʻike ana i ke ʻano maʻamau i nā kaomi kiʻekiʻe.

6. Nā haumia: ʻO ka loaʻa ʻana o nā haumia i loko o kahi mea e hoʻohaʻahaʻa i kona wahi heheʻe.Hoʻopilikia nā mea haumia i ke ʻano lattice maʻamau, e maʻalahi ai ka hoʻololi ʻana o nā mea mai ka paʻa i ka wai.

7. Hoʻohui Isotope: ʻO ka haku mele isotope, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka haku mele isotopic o nā mea, hiki ke hoʻopili i ka helu heheʻe.Hiki i nā isotopes me nā nui atomika ʻokoʻa ke hōʻike i nā wahi heheʻe ʻokoʻa iki ma muli o kā lākou mau pilina atomika like ʻole.

He mea koʻikoʻi ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i kēia mau mea i ka wānana a me ka wehewehe ʻana i ke ʻano heheʻe o nā mea like ʻole.Ma ka noʻonoʻo ʻana i ka pilina o kēia mau mea, hiki i nā ʻepekema a me nā ʻenekinia ke loaʻa ka ʻike i nā waiwai kino o nā mea a me ke ʻano o ko lākou ʻano ma lalo o nā kūlana like ʻole.