Ma ka hola 11:30 ma ʻOkakopa 19, 2021, ua hoʻāʻo maikaʻi ʻia ka ʻenekini paʻa monolithic solid rocket a Kina me ka nui o ka honua, impulse-to-mass ratio kiʻekiʻe, a me ka noi ʻenehana i hoʻāʻo maikaʻi ʻia ma Xiʻan, e hōʻailona ana i ka hiki ke lawe paʻa i Kina. ua hoʻokō nui ʻia. He mea koʻikoʻi ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka hoʻolaha ʻana i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā ʻenehana kaʻa nui a kaumaha i ka wā e hiki mai ana.
ʻO ka hoʻomohala kūleʻa ʻana o nā kaʻa rocket paʻa ʻaʻole wale ka hana paʻakikī a me ka naʻauao o nā ʻepekema lehulehu, akā ʻaʻole hiki ke hana me ka ʻole o ka hāʻawi ʻana o nā mea kemika he nui e like me ka tungsten a me nā huahana molybdenum.
ʻO ke kaʻa pōhaku paʻa paʻa he ʻenekini rocket kemika e hoʻohana ana i ka propellant paʻa. Hoʻokumu nui ʻia me ka pūpū, ka palaoa, ke keʻena puhi ahi, ka hui nozzle, a me kahi mea puhi ahi. Ke puhi ʻia ka propellant, pono e kū ke keʻena kuni i kahi wela kiʻekiʻe ma kahi o 3200 degere a me ke kaomi kiʻekiʻe e pili ana i 2 × 10 ^ 7bar. I ka noʻonoʻo ʻana ʻo ia kekahi o nā ʻāpana o ka mokulele, pono ia e hoʻohana i ka māmā kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe-mehana mea hoʻohuihui e like me Made of molybdenum-based alloy or titanium-based alloy.
ʻO ka molybdenum-based alloy he mea hao ʻole i hana ʻia e ka hoʻohui ʻana i nā mea ʻē aʻe e like me ka titanium, zirconium, hafnium, tungsten a me nā honua laha me ka molybdenum e like me ka matrix. Loaʻa iā ia ke kūpaʻa wela kiʻekiʻe, ke kūpaʻa kiʻekiʻe a me ke kūpaʻa corrosion, a ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi o ka hana ma mua o ka tungsten. ʻOi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ke kaumaha, no laila ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ke keʻena kuni. Eia nō naʻe, ʻaʻole maikaʻi ka maikaʻi o ka pale wela kiʻekiʻe a me nā waiwai ʻē aʻe o ka molybdenum-based alloys e like me ka tungsten-based alloys. No laila, pono e hana ʻia kekahi mau ʻāpana o ka ʻenekini rocket, e like me nā laina o ka puʻu a me nā paipu hoʻoheheʻe ʻia me ka tungsten-based alloy material.
ʻO ke kapa ʻāʻī ka mea hoʻopaʻa no ka puʻu o ka nozzle kaʻa kaʻa pōhaku paʻa. Ma muli o ke ʻano o ka hana ʻino, pono e loaʻa iā ia nā waiwai like me ka mea keʻena wahie a me ka mea puhi puhi. Hana ʻia ia me ka tungsten copper composite material. ʻO ka mea keleawe Tungsten kahi mea metala ʻano hoʻoheheʻe ʻana i ka wela, hiki ke pale pono i ka deformation volume a me nā loli hana i nā wela kiʻekiʻe. ʻO ke kumu o ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana i ka wela, ʻo ia ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ʻana o ke keleawe i loko o ka alloy a e hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka wela kiʻekiʻe, a laila e hoʻomoʻi nui i ka wela a hoʻemi i ka wela o ka ʻili o ka mea.
ʻO ka ipu hao kekahi o nā ʻāpana koʻikoʻi o ka mīkini hoʻoheheʻe. Hoʻokomo pinepine ʻia i loko o ka waha o ka flamethrower, akā pono e hele hohonu i loko o ke keʻena kuni. No laila, koi ʻia kāna mau mea constituent e loaʻa i ke kūpaʻa kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe a me ke kūʻē ablation. He mau waiwai maikaʻi loa nā alloys tungsten e like me ka helu heheʻe kiʻekiʻe, ka ikaika kiʻekiʻe, ka pale ʻana i ka hopena, a me ka coefficient hoʻonui haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, e hoʻolilo iā lākou kekahi o nā mea i makemake ʻia no ka hana ʻana i nā paipu puhi.
Hiki ke ʻike ʻia ua kōkua ka ʻoihana tungsten a me ka molybdenum i ka kūleʻa o ka holo hoʻāʻo ʻana i ka mīkini rocket paʻa! Wahi a Chinatungsten Online, ua hoʻomohala ʻia ka mīkini no kēia holo hoʻāʻo e ka Fourth Research Institute of China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation. He 3.5 mika kona anawaena a he 500 tons kona. Me ka nui o nā ʻenehana holomua e like me nā nozzles, ua hōʻea ka hana holoʻokoʻa o ka ʻenekini i ka pae kiʻekiʻe o ka honua.
He mea kūpono ke haʻi ʻia i kēia makahiki ua hoʻokō ʻo Kina i ʻelua mau hoʻokuʻu mokulele. ʻO ia hoʻi, ma 9:22 ma Iune 17, 2021, ua hoʻokuʻu ʻia ka Long March 2F carrier rocket e lawe ana i ka Shenzhou 12 manned spacecraft. Ua hoʻomaka maikaʻi ʻia ʻo Nie Haisheng, Liu Boming, a me Liu Boming. Ua hoʻouna ʻo Tang Hongbo i ʻekolu mau mokulele i ka lewa; ma ka hola 0:23 o ʻOkakopa 16, 2021, ua hoʻokuʻu ʻia ka moku lawe mokulele ʻo Long March 2 F Yao 13 e lawe ana i ka mokulele mokulele Shenzhou 13 a ua lawe maikaʻi ʻia ʻo Zhai Zhigang, Wang Yaping, a me Ye Guangfu i ka lewa. Hoʻouna ʻia i ka lewa.