Molybdenum:

• He mea hana maoli ia i ʻike ʻia ma 1778 e Carl Wilhelm Scheele, ke kanaka ʻepekema Kuekene nāna i ʻike i ka oxygen i ka lewa.
• Loaʻa i kekahi o nā wahi heheʻe kiʻekiʻe loa o nā mea a pau akā ʻo kona mānoanoa he 25% wale nō ka nui o ka hao.
• Aia i loko o nā ores like ʻole, akā hoʻohana wale ʻia ka molybdenite (MoS2) i ka hana ʻana i nā huahana molybdenum marketable.
• Loaʻa ka helu haʻahaʻa o ka hoʻonui wela o kekahi mea ʻenekinia.

No hea mai ia:

• Loaʻa nā mines molybdenum nui ma Kanada, USA, Mexico, Peru a me Chile. I ka makahiki 2008, he 19,000,000 tone ka nui o ka waihona oka (source: US Geological Survey). ʻO Kina ka nui o nā mālama mālama ʻia a ukali ʻia e USA a me Chile.
• Hiki ke hana ʻia ka Molybdenite ma ke ʻano he mineralization hoʻokahi i loko o ke kino oka, akā pili pinepine ʻia me nā mineral sulfide o nā metala ʻē aʻe, ʻoi aku ka keleawe.

Pehea e hana ʻia ai:

• Hoʻopiʻiʻia kaʻaila i hoʻouluʻia, lepo, hui pūʻia me kahi wai a hoʻouluʻia i loko o kahi kaʻina hana e hoʻokaʻawale i nā minela metala mai ka pōhaku.
• Aia ma waena o 85% a me 92% ka molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) i ho'ohana 'ia no ka 'oihana. ʻO ka hoʻomoʻa ʻana i kēia ma ka ea ma 500 a 650 °C e hoʻohua ai i ka molybdenite concentrate a i ʻole RMC (Mo03), ʻike ʻia hoʻi ʻo Mo oxide a i ʻole tech oxide. Hoʻohana ʻia kekahi 40 a 50% o ka molybdenum i kēia ʻano, ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻohui i nā huahana kila.
• Hoʻopili ʻia ka 30-40% o ka hana RMC i ferromolybdenum (FeMo) ma o ka hui ʻana me ka hao hao a hoʻemi ʻia me ka ferrosilicon a me ka alumini i loko o kahi hopena thermite. Hoʻopili ʻia nā ingots hopena a hoʻopaʻa ʻia e hana i ka nui o ka ʻāpana FeMo i makemake ʻia.
• Ma kahi o 20% o ka RMC i hana ʻia ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa e hana ʻia i mau huahana kemika e like me ka molybdic oxide (Mo03) a me nā molybdates. Hiki ke hoʻololi ʻia ka hopena Ammonium molybdate i kekahi helu o nā huahana molybdate a me ka hana hou ʻana e ka calcinations e hoʻopuka i ka molybdenum trioxide maʻemaʻe.
• Hoʻokumu ʻia ka metala molybdenum e kahi kaʻina hana hoʻemi hydrogen ʻelua e hāʻawi i ka pauka molybdenum maʻemaʻe.

He aha ka mea i hoʻohana ʻia no:

• Ma kahi o 20% o ka molybdenum hou, i hana ʻia mai loko mai o ka ʻiʻa i ʻeli ʻia e hoʻohana ʻia e hana i ka molybdenum-grade stainless steel.
• ʻO nā kila ʻenekinia, nā mea hana a me ke kila māmā holo kiʻekiʻe, ka hao a me nā superalloys hui pū ʻia no kahi 60% o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka molybdenum.
• Hoʻohana ʻia ke koena 20% i nā huahana i hoʻonui ʻia e like me ka lubricant grade molybdenum disulfide (MoS2), molybdenum chemical compound a me molybdenum metal.

Nā pono waiwai a me nā hoʻohana:

Kila kohu ʻole

• Hoʻomaikaʻi ʻo Molybdenum i ka pale ʻana i ka corrosion a me ka ikaika wela kiʻekiʻe o nā kila kila. He hopena koʻikoʻi koʻikoʻi i ka pitting a me ka crevice corrosion resistance i loko o nā hāʻina chloride, e lilo ia i mea nui i nā kemika a me nā noi hana ʻē aʻe.
• ʻO nā kila kila kila me ka Molybdenum he kūpaʻa kūʻokoʻa i ka corrosion a hoʻohana mau ʻia i ka hoʻolālā, hale a me ke kūkulu ʻana, e hāʻawi ana i ka maʻalahi o ka hoʻolālā ʻana a me nā ola hoʻolālā lōʻihi.
• Hana ʻia ka nui o nā huahana mai ka molybdenum-containing stainless steel no ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka pale ʻana i ka corrosion, me nā mea hoʻolālā, ka uhi ʻana, nā pā pale, nā lima lima, nā laina wai ʻauʻau, nā puka, nā lako kukui a me nā pale lā.

Nā huila nui

Loaʻa kēia mau mea i ka corrosion resistant alloys a me ka wela wela.

• Hoʻohana ʻia nā alloys nickel-resistant corrosion i loaʻa ka molybdenum i nā noi i hōʻike ʻia i nā wahi ʻino loa i loko o kahi ākea o nā ʻoihana kaʻina hana a me nā noi, me nā ʻāpana desulfurization flue gas i hoʻohana ʻia e wehe i ka sulfur mai nā hoʻokuʻu mana.
• Hiki ke hoʻoikaika ʻia nā ʻāpana wela kiʻekiʻe, e hāʻawi i ke kūʻē ʻana i ka pōʻino i hana ʻia e ke kolo wela kiʻekiʻe, a i ʻole ka makahiki-paʻakikī, e hāʻawi i ka ikaika hou me ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻole ʻana i ka ductility a maikaʻi loa i ka hōʻemi ʻana i ka coefficient o ka hoʻonui wela.

Nā kila kila

• ʻO kahi liʻiliʻi o ka molybdenum e hoʻomaikaʻi i ka paʻakikī, hoʻemi i ka embrittlement huhū a hoʻonui i ke kū'ē ʻana i ka hoʻouka ʻana i ka hydrogen a me ka haki ʻana i ke koʻikoʻi sulfide.
• ʻO ka molybdenum i hoʻohui ʻia e hoʻonui i ka ikaika wela kiʻekiʻe a hoʻomaikaʻi i ka weldability, ʻoi aku hoʻi i nā hao hao haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa ikaika (HSLA). Hoʻohana ʻia kēia mau kila hana kiʻekiʻe i nā ʻano noi like ʻole, mai nā kaʻa māmā a hiki i ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka pono i nā hale, nā paipu a me nā alahaka, e mālama ana i ka nui o ke kila e pono ai a me ka ikehu a me nā hoʻokuʻu ʻana e pili ana i kāna hana, ka lawe ʻana a me ka hana ʻana.

Nā hoʻohana ʻē aʻe

ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona kūikawā o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka molybdenum:

• Molybdenum-based alloys, i loaʻa ka ikaika maikaʻi a me ke kūpaʻa mechanical i nā mahana kiʻekiʻe (a hiki i 1900 ° C) i nā wahi non-oxidizing a i ʻole nā ​​​​māmā. ʻO kā lākou ductility kiʻekiʻe a me ka paʻakikī e hāʻawi i ka hoʻomanawanui ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi no nā hemahema a me ka haki ʻana ma mua o nā seramika.
• Molybdenum-tungsten alloys, ʻike ʻia no ke kūʻē kūʻokoʻa i ka zinc hehee
• Molybdenum-25% rhenium alloys, hoʻohana ʻia no nā ʻāpana ʻenekini rocket a me nā mea hoʻololi wela metala wai e pono e ductile i ka lumi lumi.
• Molybdenum i uhi ʻia me ke keleawe, no ka hana haʻahaʻa hoʻonui, kiʻekiʻe conductivity uila kaapuni papa
• ʻO ka molybdenum oxide, i hoʻohana ʻia i ka hana ʻana i nā catalysts no ka petrochemical a me nā ʻoihana kemika, i hoʻolaha nui ʻia i ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana i ka aila ʻaila e hōʻemi i ka ʻike sulfur o nā huahana i hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia.
• ʻO nā huahana molybdenum kemika i hoʻohana ʻia i ka polymer compounding, corrosion inhibitors a me nā hana lubricant kiʻekiʻe.