ʻO Tungsten, i kapa ʻia ʻo wolfram, he nui nā noi. Hoʻohana maʻamau ia e hana i ka uilauwea, a no ka wela apili uila.

Hoʻohana ʻia ka metala koʻikoʻi mawiliwili, metala kaumaha, nā puʻu wela, nā lau turbine a ma ke ʻano he pani no ke kēpau i nā pōkā.

Wahi a ka hōʻike hou loa o ka US Geological Survey e pili ana i ka metala, ua hiki mai ka hana tungsten honua ma 95,000 MT ma 2017, mai ka 2016's 88,100 MT.

Ua hiki mai kēia piʻi ʻana me ka hoʻemi ʻia o nā huahana mai Mongolia, Rwanda a me Sepania. ʻO kahi hoʻonui nui o ka hana i hele mai mai UK, kahi i piʻi ai ka hana ma kahi o 50 pakeneka.

Ua hoʻomaka ke kumukūʻai o ka tungsten i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o 2017, a ua holo maikaʻi ʻo ia no ke koena o ka makahiki, akā ua pau nā kumukūʻai tungsten i ka makahiki 2018.

Eia nō naʻe, ʻo ke koʻikoʻi o tungsten i nā noi ʻoihana, mai nā smartphones a hiki i nā pihi kaʻa, ʻo ia hoʻi, ʻaʻole e nalowale ke koi i kekahi manawa koke. Me kēlā i ka noʻonoʻo, pono e ʻike i nā ʻāina i hana i ka nui o ka tungsten. Eia ka ʻike o nā ʻāina hoʻohua nui i ka makahiki i hala.

1. Kina

ʻO kaʻu hana: 79,000 MT

Ua hana ʻo Kina i ka tungsten i ka makahiki 2017 ma mua o ka makahiki 2016, a noho mau ʻo ia ka mea hana nui ma ka honua ma kahi ākea ākea. I ka huina, ua hoʻopuka ʻo ia i 79,000 MT o tungsten i ka makahiki i hala, mai ka 72,000 MT i ka makahiki ma mua.

Hiki paha ke hāʻule ka hana tungsten Kina i ka wā e hiki mai ana - ua kaupalena ka lāhui ʻAsia i ka nui o nā tungsten mining a me nā laikini hoʻokuʻu aku i hāʻawi ʻia, a ua kau i nā kuʻina no ka hana tungsten concentrate. Ua hoʻonui hou ka ʻāina i ka nānā ʻana i ke kaiapuni.

Ma waho aʻe o ka lilo ʻana i mea hana tungsten nui loa o ka honua, ʻo Kina hoʻi ka mea kūʻai nui o ka honua i ka metala. ʻO ia ke kumu nui o ka tungsten i lawe ʻia mai i ka US ma 2017 pū kekahi, i hōʻike ʻia e lawe mai ana i ka 34 pakeneka ma ke kumukūʻai o $145 miliona. ʻO nā kumukūʻai i kau ʻia e US ma nā waiwai Kina ma ke ʻano he kaua kālepa ma waena o nā ʻāina ʻelua i hoʻomaka i ka makahiki 2018 hiki ke hoʻopilikia i kēlā mau helu e neʻe nei i mua.

2. Vietnam

ʻO kaʻu hana: 7,200 MT

ʻAʻole like me Kina, ua ʻike ʻo Vietnam i kahi lele hou i ka hana tungsten ma 2017. Ua hoʻopuka ʻo 7,200 MT o ka metala i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me 6,500 MT i ka makahiki i hala. ʻO Masan Resources nona ka hale kūʻokoʻa e holo ana i ka nui o Nui Phao ma Vietnam, kahi i ʻōlelo ʻia ʻo ia ka lua nui e hana ana i ka tungsten ma waho o Kina. ʻO ia kekahi o nā kumu kūʻai haʻahaʻa loa o ka tungsten ma ka honua.

3. Rusia

ʻO kaʻu hana: 3,100 MT

Ua palahalaha ka hana tungsten a Rūsia mai 2016 a 2017, e hele mai ana ma 3,100 MT i nā makahiki ʻelua. Ua hiki mai kēia pāpū ma muli o ke kauoha a ka Pelekikena Vladimir Putin e hoʻomaka hou ka hana ma ke kahua ʻo Tyrnyauz tungsten-molybdenum. Makemake ʻo Putin e ʻike i kahi ʻoihana mining a me ka hoʻoili ʻana i hoʻokumu ʻia.

ʻO Wolfram Company ka mea hana nui loa o ka ʻāina i nā huahana tungsten, e like me kāna pūnaewele, a ke ʻōlelo nei ka hui i kēlā me kēia makahiki e hana ia i ka 1,000 tons o ka pauka tungsten metala, a me ka 6,000 tons o ka tungsten oxide a hiki i ka 800 tons o ka tungsten carbide. .

4. Bolivia

ʻO kaʻu hana: 1,100 MT

Ua hoʻopaʻa ʻia ʻo Bolivia me UK no ka hana ʻana i ka tungsten ma 2017. ʻOiai ke neʻe nei e hoʻolaha i ka ʻoihana tungsten ma ka ʻāina, ua paʻa ka huahana o Bolivia ma 1,100 MT.

Ua hoʻoikaika nui ʻia ka ʻoihana mining Bolivian e Comibol, ka hui ʻoihana mining umbrella o ka mokuʻāina. Ua hōʻike ka hui i kahi waiwai o $ 53.6 miliona no ka makahiki kālā 2017.

5. United Kingdom

ʻO kaʻu hana: 1,100 MT

Ua ʻike ʻo UK i kahi lele nui i ka hana tungsten ma 2017, me ka piʻi ʻana o ka huahana i 1,100 MT i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me 736 MT i ka makahiki ma mua. ʻO Wolf Minerals ke kuleana nui no ka hoʻonui; i ka hāʻule o 2015, ua wehe ka hui i ka Drakelands (i kapa mua ʻia ʻo Hemerdon) tungsten mine ma Devon.

Wahi a ka BBC, ʻo Drakelands ka lua tungsten mua i wehe ʻia ma Beretania ma mua o 40 mau makahiki. Eia naʻe, ua pani ʻia ma 2018 ma hope o ka hele ʻana o Wolf i ka hoʻokele. Ua hōʻike ʻia ʻaʻole hiki i ka hui ke hoʻokō i kāna mau koi kālā hana no ka wā pōkole. Hiki iā ʻoe ke heluhelu hou e pili ana i ka tungsten ma UK ma aneʻi.

6. Auseturia

ʻO kaʻu hana: 950 MT

Ua hana ʻo Austria i 950 MT o tungsten ma 2017 i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me 954 MT i ka makahiki i hala. Hiki ke hāʻawi ʻia ka hapa nui o kēlā hana i ka Mittersill mine, aia ma Salzburg a mālama i ka waihona tungsten nui loa ma ʻEulopa. Na Sandvik (STO:SAND) ka maina.

7. Pokukala

ʻO kaʻu hana: 680 MT

ʻO Pokukala kekahi o nā ʻāina liʻiliʻi ma kēia papa inoa i ʻike i ka piʻi ʻana o ka hana tungsten ma 2017. Ua hoʻopuka ʻo ia i ka 680 MT o ka metala, mai ka 549 MT i ka makahiki i hala.

ʻO ka lua ʻo Panasqueira ka lua nui loa o Pokukala e hana ana i ka tungsten. ʻO ka mine Borralha i hana mua ʻia, ʻo ia ka lua o ka lua nui loa o ka lua tungsten ma Pokukala, nona kēia manawa e Blackheath Resources (TSXV:BHR). ʻO Avrupa Minerals (TSXV:AVU) kekahi hui liʻiliʻi me kahi papahana tungsten ma Pokukala. Hiki iā ʻoe ke heluhelu hou aku e pili ana i ka tungsten ma Pokukala ma aneʻi.

8. Rwanda

ʻO kaʻu hana: 650 MT

ʻO Tungsten kekahi o nā minela hakakā maʻamau i ka honua, ʻo ia ka mea i hana ʻia ma nā wahi hakakā a kūʻai ʻia e hoʻomau i ka hakakā. ʻOiai ua hoʻolaha ʻo Rwanda iā ia iho ma ke ʻano he kumu o nā minerala hakakā ʻole, ke mau nei nā hopohopo e pili ana i ka tungsten puka mai ka ʻāina. Ke kākoʻo nei ʻo Fairphone, kahi hui e hoʻolaha nei i ka "fairer electronics," i ka hana tungsten hakakā ʻole ma Rwanda.

Ua hana ʻo Rwanda i 650 MT o tungsten i ka makahiki 2017, mai 820 MT i 2016. Kaomi ma aneʻi e aʻo hou e pili ana i ka tungsten ma ʻApelika.

9. Sepania

ʻO kaʻu hana: 570 MT

Ua hāʻule ka hana tungsten o Sepania i ka makahiki 2017, e hele mai ana ma 570 MT. Ua emi mai ka 650 MT i ka makahiki i hala.

Aia kekahi mau hui i hana i ka ʻimi, hoʻomohala a me ka mining o nā waiwai tungsten ma Sepania. ʻO nā laʻana he Almonty Industries (TSXV:AII), Ormonde Mining (LSE:ORM) a me W Resources (LSE:WRES). Hiki iā ʻoe ke heluhelu hou aku e pili ana iā lākou ma aneʻi.

I kēia manawa ua ʻike hou ʻoe e pili ana i ka hana tungsten a no hea mai ia, he aha hou kāu makemake e ʻike? E nīnau iā mākou i kāu mau nīnau ma nā manaʻo ma lalo nei.