Abubuwan da aka bayar na Tungsten
Lambar atomic | 74 |
Lambar CAS | 7440-33-7 |
Yawan atomic | 183.84 |
Wurin narkewa | 3420C |
Wurin tafasa | 5900C |
Girman atomatik | 0.0159 nm3 |
Density a 20 ° C | 19.30g/cm³ |
Tsarin Crystal | cubic mai tsakiya |
Lattice akai-akai | 0.3165 [nm] |
Yawaita a cikin ɓawon ƙasa | 1.25 [g/t] |
Sautin sauti | 4620m/s (a rt)(sandan bakin ciki) |
Fadada thermal | 4.5µm/(m·K) (a 25°C) |
Ƙarfafawar thermal | 173 W/ (m·K) |
Lantarki resistivity | 52.8 nΩ·m (a 20 ° C) |
Mohs taurin | 7.5 |
Vickers taurin | 3430-4600Mpa |
Brinell taurin | 2000-4000Mpa |
Tungsten, ko wolfram, wani sinadari ne mai alamar W da lambar atomic 74. Sunan tungsten ya fito ne daga tsohon sunan Sweden na tungstate ma'adinai scheelite, tung sten ko "dutse mai nauyi". Tungsten wani ƙarfe ne da ba kasafai ake samunsa ba a duniya kusan keɓaɓɓen haɗe shi da wasu abubuwa a cikin mahaɗan sinadarai maimakon shi kaɗai. An gano shi a matsayin sabon abu a cikin 1781 kuma an fara keɓe shi azaman ƙarfe a 1783. Yana da mahimmancin ores sun haɗa da wolframite da scheelite.
Abun kyauta yana da ban mamaki don ƙaƙƙarfansa, musamman kasancewarsa yana da mafi girman narkewar duk abubuwan da aka gano, suna narkewa a 3422 ° C (6192 ° F, 3695 K). Hakanan yana da wurin tafasa mafi girma, a 5930 °C (10706 °F, 6203 K). Yawansa ya ninka na ruwa sau 19.3, kwatankwacin na uranium da zinariya, kuma ya fi na gubar sama da yawa (kimanin sau 1.7). Polycrystalline tungsten abu ne mai gagujewa da ƙarfi (a ƙarƙashin madaidaicin yanayi, lokacin da ba a haɗa shi ba), yana da wahala a yi aiki. Koyaya, tungsten-crystalline mai tsafta ya fi ductile kuma ana iya yanke shi da hacksaw mai wuyar ƙarfe.
Alloys na Tungsten da yawa suna da aikace-aikace masu yawa, gami da filaments kwan fitila mai haske, ɗigon X-ray (kamar yadda filament da manufa duka), na'urorin lantarki a cikin walda na tungsten arc gas, superalloys, da garkuwar radiation. Taurin Tungsten da babban yawa suna ba shi aikace-aikacen soja a cikin shigar da injina. Hakanan ana amfani da mahadi na Tungsten a matsayin masu haɓaka masana'antu.
Tungsten shine kawai karfe daga jerin sauyi na uku wanda aka sani yana faruwa a cikin kwayoyin halittu waɗanda ke samuwa a cikin wasu nau'ikan ƙwayoyin cuta da archaea. Shi ne mafi nauyi kashi da aka sani yana da mahimmanci ga kowace halitta mai rai. Duk da haka, tungsten yana tsoma baki tare da molybdenum da jan karfe metabolism kuma yana da ɗan guba ga mafi sanannun nau'ikan rayuwar dabba.