Tantalum wani sinadari ne mai alamar Ta da lambar atomic lamba 73. Wanda aka fi sani da tantalum a baya, sunansa ya fito ne daga Tantalus, mugu daga tatsuniyar Girka. Tantalum wani ƙarfe ne da ba kasafai ba, mai wuya, shuɗi-launin toka, ƙarfe mai ƙyalƙyali wanda ke da juriya da lalata. Yana daga cikin rukunin karafa masu jujjuyawa, waɗanda ake amfani da su azaman ƙananan abubuwan haɗin gwiwa a cikin gami. Rashin rashin kuzarin sinadarai na tantalum ya sa ya zama abu mai mahimmanci ga kayan aikin dakin gwaje-gwaje da kuma madadin platinum. Babban amfaninsa a yau shine tantalum capacitors a cikin kayan lantarki kamar wayoyin hannu, na'urar DVD, tsarin wasan bidiyo da kwamfutoci. Tantalum, ko da yaushe tare da sinadarai irin niobium, yana faruwa a cikin ƙungiyoyin ma'adinai tantalite, columbite da coltan (haɗin columbite da tantalite, kodayake ba a gane su azaman nau'in ma'adinai daban ba). Ana ɗaukar Tantalum a matsayin mahimmin abu mai mahimmancin fasaha.

Kaddarorin jiki
Tantalum duhu ne (shuɗi-launin toka), mai yawa, ductile, mai wuya sosai, ƙirƙira cikin sauƙi, kuma mai tsananin zafi da wutar lantarki. Karfe ya shahara saboda juriyar lalata ta acid; a gaskiya ma, a yanayin zafi da ke ƙasa da 150 ° C tantalum kusan gaba ɗaya ba shi da kariya daga farmaki ta hanyar aqua regia mai tsanani. Ana iya narkar da shi da hydrofluoric acid ko acidic mafita dauke da fluoride ion da sulfur trioxide, kazalika da bayani na potassium hydroxide. Babban wurin narkewar Tantalum na 3017 ° C (madaidaicin tafasa 5458 °C) ya wuce tsakanin abubuwan kawai ta hanyar tungsten, rhenium da osmium don karafa, da carbon.

Tantalum ya wanzu a cikin matakai biyu na crystalline, alpha da beta. Halin alpha yana da ingantacciyar ductile kuma mai laushi; yana da tsari mai siffar siffar jiki (ƙungiyar sararin samaniya Im3m, lattice akai-akai a = 0.33058 nm), Knoop hardness 200-400 HN da ƙarfin lantarki 15-60 µΩ⋅cm. Tsarin beta yana da wuya kuma yana da rauni; simintin sa na crystal shine tetragonal (ƙungiyar sararin samaniya P42/mnm, a = 1.0194 nm, c = 0.5313 nm), Knoop taurin shine 1000-1300 HN kuma tsayayyar wutar lantarki yana da inganci a 170-210 µΩ⋅cm. Lokaci na beta yana canzawa kuma yana canzawa zuwa matakin alpha akan dumama zuwa 750-775 °C. Babban tantalum kusan gabaɗayan alpha lokaci ne, kuma lokacin beta yawanci yana kasancewa azaman fina-finai na bakin ciki da aka samu ta hanyar sputtering magnetron, jigon sinadarai ko jigon sinadari na lantarki daga maganin gishiri narkar da eutectic.