Tungsten da gami za a iya samu nasarar haɗa gas tungsten-arc waldi,
iskar gas tungsten-arc braze waldi, lantarki katako walda da kuma ta sinadaran tururi.

Weldability na tungsten da adadin gami da aka haɗa ta hanyar simintin arc, ƙarfe na foda, ko dabarun tururi (CVD) an kimanta. Yawancin kayan da aka yi amfani da su sun kasance 0.060 in. kauri. Hanyoyin haɗin da aka yi amfani da su sune (1) gas tungsten-arc waldi, (2) gas tungsten-arc braze waldi, (3) waldawar katako na lantarki da (4) haɗawa ta CVD.
Tungsten ya sami nasarar welded ta duk waɗannan hanyoyin amma ingancin walda ya sami tasiri sosai ta nau'ikan tushe da ƙarafa (watau foda ko samfuran simintin arc). Misali, welds a cikin kayan simintin simintin gyare-gyare ba a kwatankwacin su ba su da ƙarfi yayin da walda a cikin samfuran ƙarfe na foda yawanci suna da ƙura, musamman tare da layin haɗin gwiwa. Domin tungsten-arc gas (GTA) welds a cikin 1/1r, in. tungsten sheet unalloyed, mafi ƙarancin preheat na 150 ° C (wanda aka gano shi ne ductileto-gaggautsa zafin jiki na tushe karfe) samar welds free of fasa. A matsayin ƙananan ƙarfe, tungsten-rhenium gami sun kasance masu walƙiya ba tare da preheat ba, amma porosity shima yana da matsala tare da samfuran tungsten gami foda. Preheating ya bayyana baya shafar porosity weld wanda shine farkon aikin nau'in karfen tushe.
The ductile-to-brittle miƙa mulki ternperatures (DBIT) na gas tungsten-arc welds a cikin daban-daban na foda metallurgy tungsten sun kasance 325 zuwa 475 ° C, idan aka kwatanta da 150. C ga tushe karfe da na 425 ° C na lantarki beamwelded. tungsten arc.
Waldawar tungsten tare da nau'ikan karafa masu kama da alama bai samar da ingantattun kaddarorin haɗin gwiwa ba fiye da sauran hanyoyin haɗin gwiwa. Mun yi amfani da Nb, Ta, W-26% Re, Mo da Re azaman karafa masu cikawa a cikin welds ɗin braze. Nb da Mo sun haifar da tsangwama mai tsanani.

Haɗuwa ta CVD a 510 zuwa 560 ° C

an kawar da duk wani abu kaɗan amma kaɗan na porosity kuma ya kawar da matsalolin da ke tattare da yanayin zafi mai mahimmanci don walda (kamar manyan hatsi a cikin walda da wuraren da zafi ya shafa).
Gabatarwa
Tungsten da tungsten-base alloys ana la'akari da yawan ci-gaba makaman nukiliya da kuma sarari aikace-aikace ciki har da thermionic hira na'urorin, reentry motocin, high zafin jiki man fetur da sauran reactor abubuwan. Amfanin waɗannan kayan shine haɗuwarsu na yanayin zafi mai narkewa sosai, ƙarfi mai kyau a yanayin zafi mai tsayi, haɓakar zafi da lantarki da isasshen juriya ga lalata a wasu wurare. Tunda tsinke yana iyakance ƙirƙira su, fa'idar waɗannan kayan a cikin kayan gini ƙarƙashin ƙaƙƙarfan sharuɗɗan sabis ya dogara sosai akan haɓaka hanyoyin walda don samar da haɗin gwiwa waɗanda ke daidai da kaddarorin da ƙarfe na tushe. Sabili da haka, makasudin waɗannan karatun sune (1) ƙayyade kayan aikin injiniya na haɗin gwiwar da aka samar ta hanyoyi daban-daban na haɗuwa a cikin nau'o'in tungsten da ba a haɗa su ba; (2) kimanta tasirin gyare-gyare daban-daban a cikin jiyya na zafi da fasaha na shiga; da (3) nuna yuwuwar ƙirƙira abubuwan gwajin da suka dace da takamaiman aikace-aikace.
Kayayyaki
Tungsten ba tare da allo ba m 10 m. kauri zanen gado ya kasance kayan mafi yawan sha'awa. Tungsten da ba a yi amfani da shi ba a cikin wannan binciken an samar da shi ta hanyar ƙarfe na foda, simintin simintin gyare-gyare da dabarun tara tururi. Tebur 1 yana nuna matakan ƙazanta na ƙarfe na foda, CVD da arc-cast tungsten kamar yadda aka karɓa. Yawancin faɗuwa cikin kewayon da ake samu a tungsten

amma ya kamata a lura cewa kayan CVD sun ƙunshi fiye da na al'ada] adadin fluorine.
An haɗa nau'ikan girma da siffofi na tungsten da tungsten gami don kwatantawa. Yawancin su samfuran ƙarfe ne na foda ko da yake an yi wa wasu kayan simintin simintin gyare-gyare. An yi amfani da ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun tsarin ginin gini da abubuwan da aka gyara. An karɓi duk kayan aiki a cikin cikakken yanayin aikin sanyi ban da CVD tungsten, wanda aka karɓa azaman-ajiya. Saboda ƙarar raguwar recrystallized da manyan hatsi tungsten an haɗa kayan a cikin yanayin aiki don rage girman ci gaban hatsi a cikin yanki mai zafi. Saboda tsadar kayan da ƙananan adadin da ake da su, mun ƙirƙira samfuran gwaji waɗanda suka yi amfani da ƙaramin adadin kayan da ya yi daidai da samun bayanan da ake so.
Tsari
Tunda zafin canjin ductile-to-brittle (DBTT) na tungsten yana sama da zafin ɗaki, dole ne a yi amfani da kulawa ta musamman wajen sarrafa da sarrafa kayan aiki don guje wa fashe1. Shearing yana haifar da tsagewar gefe kuma mun gano cewa niƙa da injina na lantarki suna barin duban zafi a saman. Sai dai idan an cire su ta hanyar latsawa, waɗannan tsaga za su iya yaduwa yayin walda da kuma amfani da su na gaba.
Tungsten, kamar duk wasu karafa masu jujjuyawa, dole ne a haɗa su cikin yanayi mai tsafta na ko dai iskar gas (gas tungsten-arc process) ko vacuum (electron biam pro:: ess) 2 don guje wa gurɓatar walda ta tsaka-tsaki. Tun da tungsten yana da mafi girman wurin narkewa na duk karafa (3410 ° C), kayan walda dole ne su iya jure yanayin zafi mai girma.

Tebur 1

An yi amfani da matakai daban-daban na walda: gas tungsten-arc waldi, gas tungsten-arc braze waldi da lantarki katako walda. Sharuɗɗan walda waɗanda suka wajaba don cikakken pcnetration a ƙaramar shigar da makamashi an ƙaddara don kowane abu. Kafin waldawa, an ƙera kayan takarda cikin 囚in. m blanks da degreased tare da ethyl barasa. Tsarin haɗin gwiwa ya kasance tsagi murabba'i ba tare da buɗe tushen tushe ba.
Gas Tungsten-Arc Welding
Dukkanin walda ta atomatik da gas tungsten-arc an yi su a cikin ehamher wanda aka kiyaye ƙasa da 5 x I ko. torr na kusan hr 1 sannan ya koma cike da tsantsar argon. Kamar yadda aka nuna a cikin siffa lA, ɗakin an sanye shi da na'urar wucewa da kan fitila don walda ta atomatik. An gudanar da aikin a cikin kayan aikin tagulla wanda aka samar tare da abubuwan da ake sakawa tungsten a duk wuraren tuntuɓar don hana shi yin brazed zuwa aikin ta hanyar bugun walda. Tushen wannan na'ura ya ƙunshi na'urorin lantarki na harsashi na lantarki wanda ya riga ya yi aiki zuwa yanayin da ake so, Hoto 1 B. Dukkanin walda an yi su ne a gudun tafiya mai sauri 10 ipm, eurrent na kimanin 350 amp da ƙarfin lantarki na 10 zuwa 15 v. .
Gas Tungsten-Ac Braze Welding
Gas tungsten-are braze welds an yi su ne a cikin ehamber tare da yanayi mara kyau ta dabaru makamancin haka.

wadanda aka bayyana a sama. Ƙarfe-ƙarfe-onplate braze welds da aka yi da tungsten da W-26% Re filler karfe an yi su da hannu; duk da haka, an yi waldadden weld ɗin butt ɗin ta atomatik bayan an sanya karfen filler a cikin haɗin gwiwa.
Electron Beam Welding
An yi welding na eleetron a cikin injin 150-kV 20-mA. An kiyaye injin kusan 5 x I o-6 torr yayin walda. Lantarki katako walda yana haifar da babban rabo mai zurfi na zurfin zuwa faɗi da kunkuntar yankin da zafi ya shafa.
』 shafawa ta hanyar Turin Sinadari
Tungsten haɗin gwiwa an yi su ta hanyar ajiye ƙarfe na tungsten wanda ba a saka shi ba ta hanyar jigilar tururin sinadari3. Tungsten an ajiye shi ta hanyar rage hydrogen na tungsten hexafluoride bisa ga amsa-t
zafi
WFs(g) + 3H, (g)一–+W(s) + 6HF(g).
Amfani da wannan fasaha don haɗawa yana buƙatar ƙananan canje-canje a cikin kayan aiki da rarrabawar raƙuman ruwa. Babban fa'idar wannan tsari akan ƙarin hanyoyin haɗin gwiwa na al'ada shine, tunda ƙarancin yanayin zafi da ake amfani da shi (510 zuwa 650 ° C) ya ragu sosai fiye da yanayin narkewa.

Tungsten (3410 ° C), recrystallization da yiwuwar kara cmbrittlement na yi tungsten tushe karfe da datti ko hatsi girma an rage.
An ƙirƙira ƙirar haɗin gwiwa da yawa gami da rufewar gindi da bututu. An yi ajiyar wuri tare da taimakon jan ƙarfe na jan karfe wanda aka yi amfani da shi azaman mai daidaitawa, yanki na daidaitawa da kuma ƙasa. Bayan an kammala jigo, an cire mandar eopper ta hanyar etching. Tun da sauran aikin” ya nuna cewa CVD tungsten yana da hadaddun damuwa na saura kamar yadda aka ajiye su, waɗannan gidajen abinci sun kasance danniya relicvcd I hr a 1000 ° zuwa 1600 ° C kafin yin injin ko gwaji.
Dubawa da Gwaji
An duba haɗin gwiwa a gani da kuma ta hanyar shigar ruwa da rediyo kafin a gwada su. An yi nazarin nau'ikan walda na yau da kullun don iskar oxygen da nitrogen (Table 2) kuma an gudanar da gwaje-gwaje masu yawa na ƙarfe a cikin binciken.
Saboda sauƙi mai sauƙi da daidaitawa ga ƙananan samfurori, an yi amfani da gwajin lanƙwasa a matsayin ma'auni na farko don amincin haɗin gwiwa da daidaita tsarin. An ƙaddara yanayin yanayin canjin ɗumbin-tobrittle tare da na'urar lanƙwasa maki uku don haɗin gwiwa duka kamar-welded da bayan tsufa. Tushen samfurin gwajin lanƙwasawa shine tsayin tsayi

lankwashe fuska, tsayin 24t da faɗin 12t, inda t shine kaurin samfurin. An goyan bayan samfura akan tazarar 15t kuma an lanƙwasa tare da maɗaurin radius 4t a ƙimar 0.5 ipm. Wannan geometry yana son daidaita bayanan da aka samu akan nau'ikan kauri daban-daban. Yawancin samfura ana lankwasa su zuwa kabu na weld (samfurin lanƙwasawa na tsayi) don samar da nakasu iri ɗaya na weld, yankin da zafi ya shafa da ƙarfe tushe; duk da haka, an lanƙwasa ƴan samfurori tare da ɗinkin weld (samfurin lanƙwasawa) don kwatantawa. An yi amfani da lanƙwasa fuska a farkon sassan binciken; duk da haka, saboda ƴan ƙima da aka samu akan fa'idodin mafi yawan walda saboda nauyin narkakken ƙarfe, an maye gurbin tushen tushen a gwaje-gwaje na baya. Shawarwari na Hukumar Ba da Shawarar Kayayyaki6 da suka shafi gwajin lanƙwasawa na samfuran samfuran an bi su da kyau sosai. Saboda ƙayyadaddun abu, an zaɓi mafi ƙanƙanta samfuran shawarwari.
Don ƙayyade zafin canjin lanƙwasa, na'urar lanƙwasawa an rufe ta a cikin tanderun da ke da ikon ɗaga zafin jiki da sauri zuwa 500 ° C. An yi lanƙwasawa na 90 zuwa 105 deg cikakke lanƙwasa. An bayyana DBTT a matsayin mafi ƙarancin zafin jiki wanda samfurin ya lanƙwasa gabaɗaya ba tare da yaɗuwa ba. Ko da yake an gudanar da gwaje-gwajen a cikin iska, ba a bayyana launin samfuran ba har sai da yanayin gwajin ya kai 400 ° C.

Hoto 1

Sakamakon Unalloyed Tungsten
Gabaɗaya Weldability
Gas Turzgstea-Arc Welding-A cikin waldawar tungsten-baka na 1乍in. takardar da ba ta da kauri mai kauri, aikin dole ne ya kasance mai zafi sosai don hana gazawar rashin ƙarfi a ƙarƙashin damuwa da girgizar zafi ta jawo. Hoto na 2 yana nuna karaya na yau da kullun da aka samar ta hanyar walda ba tare da dumama mai kyau ba. Babban girman hatsi da siffar walda da yankin da zafi ya shafa suna bayyana a cikin karaya. Binciken da aka yi na zafin jiki na daki zuwa 540°C ya nuna cewa zafin zafin jiki zuwa mafi ƙarancin 150°C ya zama dole don samar da daidaitaccen walda na butt ɗin da ba ya fashe. Wannan zafin jiki yayi daidai da DBTI na karfen tushe. Preheating zuwa yanayin zafi mai girma bai bayyana ya zama dole ba a cikin waɗannan gwaje-gwajen amma kayan da ke da DBTI mafi girma, ko saiti waɗanda suka haɗa da mafi girman matsananciyar damuwa ko ƙarin sassa masu girma, na iya buƙatar preheating zuwa mafi girma ternperatures.
Ingancin walda ya dogara sosai kan hanyoyin da aka yi amfani da su wajen ƙirƙira ƙananan ƙarfe. Welds masu sarrafa kansa a cikin tungsten-simintin simintin gyare-gyare ba su da inganci da gaske daga porosity, Fig.
3A, amma welds a cikin foda metallurgy tungsten ana siffanta da babban porosity, siffa 3 (b), musamman tare da fusion line. Adadin wannan porosity, Fig. 3B, musamman tare da 3C, a cikin welds da aka yi a cikin wani mallakar mallaka, ƙananan samfurin porosity (GE-15 wanda General Electric Co., Cleveland ya samar).
Gas tungsten-arc welds a cikin CVD tungsten suna da yankuna masu zafi da ba a saba gani ba saboda tsarin hatsi 0 £ metaF tushe. Hoto na 4 yana nuna fuska da madaidaicin sashin giciye na irin wannan gas tungsten-arc butt weld. Lura cewa kyawawan hatsi a saman ƙasa sun girma saboda zafin walda. Har ila yau, bayyananne shine rashin girma na babban columnar

hatsi. Kwayoyin columnar suna da iskar gas
bubb_les a iyakokin hatsi da ƙazantattun fluorme ke haifarwa8. A sakamakon haka, idan
An cire saman ƙasa mai kyau na hatsi kafin waldawa, waldawar ba ta ƙunshi yankin da zafin da ya shafa na ƙarfe ba. Tabbas, a cikin kayan aiki na CVD (kamar extruded ko zanen tubing) yankin da zafi ya shafa na weld yana da tsarin hatsi na yau da kullun.
An sami raguwa a cikin iyakokin hatsi na columnar a cikin RAZ na weld da yawa a cikin CVD tungsten. Wannan fashewar, wanda aka nuna a hoto na 5, ya faru ne ta hanyar saurin samuwar kumfa da girma a cikin iyakokin hatsi a matsanancin zafi9. A yanayin zafi mai zafi da ke cikin walda, kumfa sun iya cinye yawancin yankin iyakar hatsi; wannan, hade da danniya da aka samar a lokacin sanyaya, ya jawo iyakokin hatsi don samar da fashewa. Binciken samuwar kumfa a cikin tungsten da sauran ma'adinan ƙarfe yayin maganin zafi ya nuna cewa kumfa na faruwa a cikin karafa da aka ajiye ƙasa da 0.3 Tm (zazzabi na narkewar homologous). Wannan abin lura yana nuna cewa kumfa iskar gas suna tasowa ta hanyar haɗuwar guraben aiki da iskar gas a lokacin da ake toshewa. A cikin yanayin CVD tungsten, iskar gas mai yiwuwa fluorine ko fili mai fluoride
Electron Beam Welding-Unalloyed tungsten an yi masa waldaran lantarki tare da kuma ba tare da preheating ba. Bukatar preheat ya bambanta da samfurin. Don tabbatar da walda ba tare da fasa ba, ana ba da shawarar preheating aƙalla zuwa DBTT na tushen ƙarfe. Electron biam welds a cikin samfuran ƙarfe na foda kuma suna da porosity weld da aka ambata a baya.

Gas Tungsten-Arc Braze Welding 一A ƙoƙarin tabbatar da ko za a iya amfani da walƙar tagulla don fa'ida, mun gwada tsarin tungstenar gas don yin waldar ƙarfe akan foda na ƙarfe tungsten foda, An yi welding ɗin ta hanyar preplaceing karfen filler tare da gindi hadin gwiwa kafin walda. An samar da welds na braze tare da Nb, Ta, Mo, Re, da W-26% Re a matsayin karafa masu cikawa. Kamar yadda aka zata, akwai porosity a fusion line a metallographic sassa na duk gidajen abinci (Fig. 6) tun da tushe karafa su foda karfe kayayyakin. Welds da aka yi da niobium da karafa masu cike da molybdenum sun fashe.
An kwatanta taurin walda da weld ɗin braze ta hanyar nazarin weld ɗin bead-on-platet da aka yi da tungsten mara allo da W一26% Re azaman ƙarafa masu cikawa. The gas tungstenarc welds da braze welds aka yi da hannu a kan unalloyed tungsten foda karafa kayayyakin (ƙananan porosity, na mallakar (GE-15) sa da kuma na hali kasuwanci sa). Welds da braze welds a cikin kowane abu sun yi shekaru 900, 1200, 1600 da 2000 ° C na l, 10, 100 da 1000 hr. An yi nazarin samfuran ta hanyar metatalographically, kuma an ɗauki taurin ratsawa a cikin walda, yankin da zafi ya shafa, da ƙarfen tushe duka a matsayin walda kuma bayan maganin zafi.

Table 2

Hoto2

Tun da kayan da aka yi amfani da su a cikin wannan binciken samfuran ƙarfe ne na foda, nau'ikan porosity iri-iri sun kasance a cikin ma'ajin walda da tagulla. Bugu da ƙari, haɗin gwiwar da aka yi da ƙarfe na ƙarfe na ƙarfe na tungsten sun fi ƙarfin porosity fiye da waɗanda aka yi tare da ƙananan porosity, tungsten na mallaka. Weld ɗin braze da aka yi tare da W-26% Re filler karfe yana da ƙarancin porosity fiye da welds ɗin da aka yi tare da ƙarfen filler tungsten mara allo.
Babu wani tasiri na lokaci ko zafin jiki da aka gano akan taurin walda da aka yi da tungsten da ba a haɗa shi ba azaman ƙarfe mai cikawa. Kamar yadda aka welded, ma'aunin taurin walda da ƙarfe na tushe sun kasance da gaske kuma ba su canzawa bayan tsufa. Koyaya, weld ɗin braze da aka yi da W-26% Re filler ƙarfe sun fi ƙarfin ƙarfi kamar yadda aka samar fiye da ƙarfen tushe (Fig. 7). Wataƙila mafi girman taurin W-Re br立e weld ajiya ya kasance saboda ingantaccen bayani hardening da/ko gaban er lokaci finely rarraba a cikin m tsarin. Tsarin lokaci na tungstenrhenium diagram11 ya nuna cewa wuraren da aka keɓe na babban abun ciki na rhenium na iya faruwa a lokacin sanyi mai sauri kuma ya haifar da samuwar lokaci mai wuya, gaggautsa er a cikin tsarin da aka keɓe. Yiwuwar lokacin er ɗin ya watse sosai a cikin hatsi ko iyakokin hatsi, kodayake babu wanda ya isa ya isa a gano shi ta ko dai ta hanyar gwajin ƙarfe ko ɓarnawar X-ray.
An ƙirƙira taurin azaman aikin nisa daga layin tsakiyar braze-weld don yanayin yanayin tsufa daban-daban a cikin siffa 7A. Lura da canjin ba zato ba tsammani

cikin tauri a layin fusion. Tare da ƙara yawan zafin jiki, taurin walda na braze ya ragu har sai, bayan 100 hr a J 600 ° C, taurin ya kasance daidai da na tungsten tushe wanda ba a haɗa shi ba. Wannan yanayin na rage taurin tare da ƙara yawan zafin jiki da aka gudanar gaskiya ga duk lokutan tsufa. Ƙara lokaci a yawan zafin jiki kuma ya haifar da raguwar simiJar a cikin taurin, kamar yadda aka nuna don tsufa na 1200 ° C a cikin Fig. 7B.
Haɗuwa ta hanyar Jigilar Turin Sinadari-Haɗuwar tungsten ta dabarun CVD an bincika a matsayin hanya don samar da walda a cikin ƙira daban-daban. Ta hanyar amfani da kayan aiki masu dacewa da abin rufe fuska don iyakance ajiya zuwa wuraren da ake so, CVD da foda na ƙarfe tungsten an haɗa su kuma an samar da ƙarshen rufewa akan tubing. Sakawa a cikin bevel tare da kusurwar da aka haɗa na kusan 90 deg ya haifar da tsagewa, Hoto 8A, a tsaka-tsakin hatsi na ginshiƙan da ke girma daga fuska ɗaya na bevel da substrate (wanda aka cire). Duk da haka, an sami haɗin haɗin kai mai girma ba tare da tsagewa ko ƙazanta ba, Hoto 8B, lokacin da aka canza tsarin haɗin gwiwa ta hanyar niƙa fuskar karfen tushe zuwa radius of飞in. tangent ga tushen weld. Don nuna aikace-aikacen da aka saba amfani da shi na wannan tsari a cikin ƙirƙira abubuwan man fetur, an yi wasu ƙananan rufewa a cikin bututun tungsten. Waɗannan haɗin gwiwar sun yi tauri lokacin da aka gwada su da helium mass spectrorr:eter leak detector.

Hoto 3

Hoto 4

Hoto 5

Kayayyakin Injini
Lanƙwasa Gwajin Fusion Welds 一An ƙaddamar da lanƙwasa-tsalle-tsalle-tsalle-tsalle don haɗin gwiwa daban-daban a cikin tungsten mara ƙarfi. Ƙaƙwalwar ƙira a cikin siffa 9 ya nuna cewa DBTT na ƙananan ƙarfe na ƙarfe biyu na foda sun kasance game da I 50 ° C. Yawanci, DBTT (mafi ƙarancin zafin jiki wanda za a iya yin lanƙwasa 90 zuwa 105 deg) na duka kayan sun karu sosai bayan waldawa. . Yanayin canjin yanayi ya ƙaru kusan 175 ° C zuwa ƙimar 325 ° C don tungsten foda na ƙarfe na yau da kullun kuma ya ƙaru kusan 235 ° C zuwa ƙimar 385 ° C don ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarfi, kayan mallakar mallaka. Bambance-bambance a cikin DBTTs na welded da kayan da ba a haɗa su ba an danganta su ga girman girman hatsi da yiwuwar sake rarraba ƙazanta na walda da wuraren da zafi ya shafa. Sakamakon gwajin ya nuna cewa DBTT na al'ada foda karfe tungsten weld ya kasance ƙasa da na kayan mallakar mallaka, kodayake na ƙarshen yana da ƙarancin porosity. Mafi girman DBTT na walda a cikin ƙananan porosity tungsten ƙila ya kasance saboda girman girman hatsin ɗan ƙaramin girma, Hoto 3A da 3C.
Sakamakon binciken don tantance DBTT's don adadin haɗin gwiwa a cikin tungsten da ba a haɗa shi ba an taƙaita shi a cikin Tebur 3. Gwajin lanƙwasa sun kasance masu kula da canje-canje a cikin hanyar gwaji. Tushen lanƙwasa ya bayyana ya fi ductile fiye da lanƙwasawa. Zaɓin taimako na danniya da kyau bayan waldi ya bayyana don rage DBTT sosai. CVD tungsten yana da, kamar yadda aka welded, DBTT mafi girma (560 ℃) ; duk da haka lokacin da aka ba shi sassaucin damuwa na 1 hr na 1000 ℃ bayan walda, DBTT ya ragu zuwa 350 ℃. Taimakon danniya na 1000 ° C bayan waldi, DBTT ɗinsa ya ragu zuwa 350 ° C. Taimakon damuwa na arc welded foda metallurgy tungsten na 1 hr a 18000 C ya rage DBTT na wannan abu da kimanin 100 ° C daga darajar da aka ƙayyade don shi kamar- walda. Taimakon danniya na 1 hr a 1000 ° C akan haɗin gwiwa da aka yi ta hanyar CVD ya haifar da DBTT mafi ƙasƙanci (200 ° C). Ya kamata a lura da cewa, yayin da wannan ternperature ternperature ya kasance da yawa ƙasa fiye da kowane canji zafin jiki da aka ƙaddara a cikin wannan binciken, haɓakar ƙila ya sami rinjaye ta hanyar ƙananan ƙwayar cuta (0.1 vs 0.5 ipm) da aka yi amfani da su a cikin gwaje-gwaje a kan gidajen CVD.

Lanƙwasa Gwajin braze welds-gas tungsten-arc braze welds da aka yi da Nb. Ta, Mo, Re, da W-26% Re as filler karafa suma an gwada su kuma an taƙaita sakamakon a cikin tebur 4. An sami mafi yawan ductility tare da rhenium braze weld.

Ko da yake sakamakon wannan binciken na yau da kullun yana nuna cewa nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i) a cikin tungsten.

Sakamako na Tungsten Alloys.