Lokacin da aka yi amfani da halin yanzu zuwa bakin bakin ciki na tungsten diselenide, ya fara haskakawa cikin salo mai ban mamaki. Baya ga haske na yau da kullun, wanda sauran kayan aikin semiconductor zasu iya fitarwa, tungsten diselenide shima yana samar da nau'in haske na musamman mai haske, wanda aka ƙirƙira kawai a takamaiman wuraren kayan. Ya ƙunshi jerin photons waɗanda koyaushe ake fitar da su ɗaya bayan ɗaya-ba su taɓa zama bibbiyu ba ko cikin gungu. Wannan tasirin anti-bunching cikakke ne don gwaje-gwaje a fagen bayanan ƙididdiga da ƙididdiga na ƙididdiga, inda ake buƙatar photon guda ɗaya. Koyaya, tsawon shekaru, wannan fitowar ta kasance abin asiri.

Masu bincike a TU Vienna yanzu sun yi bayanin wannan: Ƙwararren hulɗa na lahani guda ɗaya a cikin kayan aiki da nau'in inji sune ke da alhakin wannan tasirin haske. Simulators na kwamfuta sun nuna yadda ake tura electrons zuwa takamaiman wurare a cikin kayan, inda aka kama su da lahani, su rasa kuzari kuma suna fitar da photon. Maganganun wasan wuyar warwarewa na jimla haske yanzu an buga su a cikin Haruffa na Bita na Jiki.

Kauri uku ne kawai

Tungsten diselenide abu ne mai girma biyu wanda ke samar da yadudduka na musamman. Irin waɗannan yadudduka suna da kauri uku ne kawai, tare da atom ɗin tungsten a tsakiya, haɗe da atom ɗin selenium ƙasa da sama. "Idan aka samar da makamashi ga Layer, misali ta hanyar amfani da wutar lantarki ko kuma ta hanyar haskaka shi da hasken madaidaicin tsayin daka, ya fara haskakawa," in ji Lukas Linhart daga Cibiyar Nazarin Ƙwararrun Ƙwararru a TU Vienna. "Wannan a kansa ba sabon abu bane, kayan da yawa suna yin hakan. Koyaya, lokacin da aka yi nazarin hasken da tungsten diselenide ke fitarwa daki-daki, ban da haske na yau da kullun, an gano nau'in haske na musamman da ba a saba gani ba."

Wannan haske na musamman na yanayi ya ƙunshi photons na takamaiman tsayin raƙuman ruwa-kuma koyaushe ana fitar da su daban-daban. Ba zai taɓa faruwa cewa ana gano photon biyu na tsawon zango ɗaya a lokaci ɗaya ba. "Wannan yana gaya mana cewa ba za a iya samar da waɗannan photon ba da gangan a cikin kayan, amma dole ne a sami wasu maki a cikin samfurin tungsten diselenide wanda ke samar da yawancin waɗannan photon, daya bayan daya," in ji Farfesa Florian Libisch, wanda bincikensa ya mayar da hankali kan biyu. - kayan girma.

Bayyana wannan tasirin yana buƙatar cikakken fahimtar halayen electrons a cikin kayan akan matakin jiki na adadi. Electrons a cikin tungsten diselenide na iya mamaye jihohin makamashi daban-daban. Idan na'urar lantarki ta canza daga yanayin makamashi mai ƙarfi zuwa yanayin ƙarancin makamashi, ana fitar da photon. Duk da haka, wannan tsalle zuwa ƙaramin ƙarfi ba koyaushe ake ba da izini ba: Electron ɗin dole ne ya bi wasu dokoki - kiyaye ƙarfin kuzari da kuzarin angular.

Saboda waɗannan dokokin kiyayewa, na'urar lantarki a cikin adadi mai ƙarfi dole ne ya kasance a wurin - sai dai idan wasu kurakurai a cikin kayan sun ƙyale jihohin makamashi su canza. “Layin tungsten diselenide bai taɓa zama cikakke ba. A wasu wurare, ana iya ɓacewa ɗaya ko fiye da atom ɗin selenium,” in ji Lukas Linhart. "Wannan kuma yana canza makamashin jihohin lantarki a wannan yanki."

Bugu da ƙari, kayan abu ba cikakke ba ne. Kamar bargo da ke murƙushewa lokacin da aka shimfiɗa a kan matashin kai, tungsten diselenide yana shimfiɗa a cikin gida lokacin da aka dakatar da Layer na kayan akan ƙananan kayan tallafi. Waɗannan matsalolin inji kuma suna da tasiri akan jihohin makamashin lantarki.

"Haɗin kai na lahani na kayan aiki da matsalolin gida yana da rikitarwa. Duk da haka, yanzu mun yi nasarar yin kwatankwacin tasirin duka biyu akan kwamfuta,” in ji Lukas Linhart. "Kuma ya bayyana cewa haɗin waɗannan tasirin kawai zai iya bayyana tasirin hasken baƙon."

A waɗancan yankuna na ƙayyadaddun abu, inda lahani da damuwa na sama suka bayyana tare, matakan makamashi na electrons suna canzawa daga matsayi mai girma zuwa ƙarancin kuzari kuma suna fitar da photon. Dokokin kimiyyar lissafi ba sa barin electrons guda biyu su kasance cikin yanayi ɗaya a lokaci guda, don haka dole ne electrons su sha wannan tsari ɗaya bayan ɗaya. Sakamakon haka, ana fitar da photon daya bayan daya, haka nan.

Hakazalika, gurɓacewar kayan aikin na injina yana taimakawa wajen tara yawan electrons a kusa da lahani ta yadda za'a iya samun wani electron da zai iya shiga bayan na ƙarshe ya canza yanayinsa kuma ya fitar da photon.

Wannan sakamakon yana misalta cewa kayan ultrathin 2-D sun buɗe sabbin damammaki ga kimiyyar kayan.