high tsarki niobium machined sassa superconducting niobium abu
Niobium yana samuwa ne a cikin nau'i na isotope guda biyu: niobium-93 da niobium-95.Wadannan isotopes suna da lambobi daban-daban na neutrons a cikin nuclei, amma dukkansu suna da sinadarai iri ɗaya.Dangane da tsarinsa na crystal, niobium na iya kasancewa ta nau'i daban-daban, gami da alpha da matakan beta, dangane da yanayin zafi da matsa lamba.
Bugu da ƙari ga sigar farko, niobium yana samuwa a cikin mahaɗan daban-daban da gami.Misali, niobium-tin (Nb3Sn) da niobium-titanium (Nb-Ti) galibi ana amfani da su don samar da waya mai ƙarfi don aikace-aikace kamar na'urorin MRI da ƙararrawa accelerators.Wadannan allunan suna nuna kaddarorin haɓakawa a ƙananan yanayin zafi, suna mai da su mahimmanci a fagen haɓakawa.
Bugu da ƙari, ana iya haɗa niobium tare da wasu karafa don haɓaka kaddarorin sa don takamaiman aikace-aikace.Alal misali, ana iya haɗa niobium tare da zirconium, tantalum ko wasu abubuwa don samar da kayan haɗi tare da ingantacciyar ƙarfi, juriya na lalata ko abubuwan haɓakawa.
Gabaɗaya, nau'ikan niobium daban-daban sun haɗa da sigar farko, isotopes, sifofin crystal, da gami da mahadi daban-daban, kowannensu yana da kaddarorin musamman da aikace-aikace.
Ana samun Niobium da farko ta hanyar tsari da ake kira hanyar pyrochlore na Brazil.Tsarin hakar ya ƙunshi matakai da yawa:
1. Ma'adinai: Mataki na farko ya haɗa da fitar da ma'adanai masu ɗauke da niobium, waɗanda galibi ana haɗa su da sauran ma'adanai kamar tantalum, tin da titanium.Brazil da Kanada sune manyan masu samar da niobium tama.
2. Amfanin Ore: Ana sarrafa taman da aka haƙa don tattara ma'adanai na niobium.Wannan yawanci ya haɗa da murkushewa, niƙa da dabarun rabuwa daban-daban don raba ma'adinan da ke ɗauke da niobium daga sauran sassan ma'adinai.
3. Refining: Niobium ma'adanin da aka mayar da hankali yana ci gaba da gyare-gyaren matakai don kawar da ƙazanta da kuma samar da tsattsauran ra'ayi na niobium.Wannan na iya haɗawa da sarrafa sinadarai, leaching da hakar sauran ƙarfi don samun tsarkakakkun mahadi na niobium.
4. Ragewa: Tsaftataccen fili na niobium yana raguwa zuwa niobium na ƙarfe ta hanyar yanayin zafi mai zafi, yawanci ta amfani da fasaha irin su tsarin rage aluminothermic.Wannan yana haifar da samar da ƙarfe na niobium a cikin foda.
5. Ƙarfafawa: Ana haɗa foda na niobium a cikin tsari mai ƙarfi ta hanyar matakai kamar foda karfe, ƙirƙira ko wasu dabarun ƙirƙira don samar da ingot na niobium, zanen gado ko wasu nau'ikan da ake so.
Gabaɗaya, masana'antar niobium ta ƙunshi matakai da yawa don cirewa, tacewa da sarrafa ma'adanai masu ɗauke da niobium don samun tsaftataccen ƙarfe na niobium don amfani a aikace-aikacen masana'antu iri-iri.
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